CAJ | 학술논문

用样本数据推断总体,权数的作用十分重要.使用权数,不仅能将样本还原到总体,还能调整样本结构,使其与总体结构相一致,因此正确的使用权数是我们进行统计推断的基础.本文系统阐述了抽样调查分析中权数的获取过程,以及后期对初始权数的调整过程.由于权数是把双刃剑,在提高精度的同时,有可能提高估计量的误差,本文提出了对权数进行评估的方法,研究如何对权数进行控制,最后根据我国综合社会调查项目（CGSS）的数据进行实证分析.结果显示按照所给方法不仅能提高估计精度,而且能够降低抽样推断中的权效应.
용양본수거추단총체,권수적작용십분중요.사용권수,불부능장양본환원도총체,환능조정양본결구,사기여총체결구상일치,인차정학적사용권수시아문진행통계추단적기출.본문계통천술료추양조사분석중권수적획취과정,이급후기대초시권수적조정과정.유우권수시파쌍인검,재제고정도적동시,유가능제고고계량적오차,본문제출료대권수진행평고적방법,연구여하대권수진행공제,최후근거아국종합사회조사항목（CGSS）적수거진행실증분석.결과현시안조소급방법불부능제고고계정도,이차능구강저추양추단중적권효응.
The role of weight is very important in inferring the population from the sample information. It can not only restore the sample, but also adjust the structure of the sample to be the same as the population by using the weighting. So the correct use of weight is the basis of statistical inference. This paper discusses the acquisition process and adjustment process of weight in sampling survey. Weighting may increase the standard deviation of the estimator although it can improve accuracy of estimation. This paper discusses some methods about controlling the weight. We investigate the effect of the method by applying the data from CGSS. The results show that the adjusted weight can not only improve the precision of estimation, but also reduce the effect of weight in sampling inference.