CAJ | 학술논문

宅基地使用权是宅基地使用权人依法享有的占有、使用农村集体土地建造住宅和附属设施并长期保有的权利。国内对宅基地使用权性质的认识有着不同学说，但要结合我国土地政策和现实农村经济社会发展之现实进行认识。宅基地使用权是一种准所有权，是物权效力十分强大的他物权，其类似于自物权。尽管《物权法》将宅基地使用权定性为用益物权，但是我国立法文本中的用益物权与大陆法系立法上的用益物权存在本质的差异。公共利益对土地及相关权利结构的设计不具有决定性，不能否定宅基地使用权的私权属性。
택기지사용권시택기지사용권인의법향유적점유、사용농촌집체토지건조주택화부속설시병장기보유적권리。국내대택기지사용권성질적인식유착불동학설，단요결합아국토지정책화현실농촌경제사회발전지현실진행인식。택기지사용권시일충준소유권，시물권효력십분강대적타물권，기유사우자물권。진관《물권법》장택기지사용권정성위용익물권，단시아국입법문본중적용익물권여대륙법계입법상적용익물권존재본질적차이。공공이익대토지급상관권리결구적설계불구유결정성，불능부정택기지사용권적사권속성。
Right to use residential land is a long - term retained legitimate fight of the person who has the fight to use residential land on legal possession, on legal use of rural collective land and on legal construction of resi- dential house and other ancillary facilities. There are various theories on the nature of right to use residential land in mainland China, but we need to understand it on the combination of the land policy of China and the status of economic and social development in rural areas. The right to use residential land is a quasi fight of ownership ,and a ＂Jura in re Aliana＂ ,similar to ＂jus in re propria＂ ,which is a powerful real right. Though the Real Right Law of PRC defines the fight to use residential land as an usufructuary right, there exists difference in the nature of usufructuary fight in the legislative text of China and the one in the Continental Law System. Public interest is not decisive to the design of land and relative right structure, therefore, it cannot negate the nature of private fight in the fight to use residential land.