北方法学
北方法學
북방법학
NORTHERN LEGAL SCIENCE
2014年
5期
141~152
,共null页
州府司法 长属分职 长官专权 祖宗之法 汉唐故事
州府司法 長屬分職 長官專權 祖宗之法 漢唐故事
주부사법 장속분직 장관전권 조종지법 한당고사
judicial activities at prefecture level separation of powers between the commissioner and his subordinate officials commissioner＇s autocracy ancestors＇ doctrines traditional practices followed since Han and Tang Dynasties
宋代州级司法职能配置在长官与属官之间存在明确的分工。这种职能分工被赋予了防范长官干预属官司法行为的权力约束功能。但在审判实践中，长官往往借助官制特权或法定特权赋予的优势地位，干预或控制属官的审判行为，操纵州府审判的过程与结果，使州府审判过程呈现出鲜明的长官专权特质。从其司法制度演进的历史考察，两宋时期之所以出现司法体制上的控权倾向与审判过程中的专权特质并存的局面，根源在于其政权建设中难以克服的“祖宗之法”与“汉唐故事”之间的深刻抵牾。
宋代州級司法職能配置在長官與屬官之間存在明確的分工。這種職能分工被賦予瞭防範長官榦預屬官司法行為的權力約束功能。但在審判實踐中，長官往往藉助官製特權或法定特權賦予的優勢地位，榦預或控製屬官的審判行為，操縱州府審判的過程與結果，使州府審判過程呈現齣鮮明的長官專權特質。從其司法製度縯進的歷史攷察，兩宋時期之所以齣現司法體製上的控權傾嚮與審判過程中的專權特質併存的跼麵，根源在于其政權建設中難以剋服的“祖宗之法”與“漢唐故事”之間的深刻牴牾。
송대주급사법직능배치재장관여속관지간존재명학적분공。저충직능분공피부여료방범장관간예속관사법행위적권력약속공능。단재심판실천중，장관왕왕차조관제특권혹법정특권부여적우세지위，간예혹공제속관적심판행위，조종주부심판적과정여결과，사주부심판과정정현출선명적장관전권특질。종기사법제도연진적역사고찰，량송시기지소이출현사법체제상적공권경향여심판과정중적전권특질병존적국면，근원재우기정권건설중난이극복적“조종지법”여“한당고사”지간적심각저오。
The separation of judicial functions is clarified between the commissioner and his subordinate officials at prefecture level in the Song Dynasty, with the purpose of preventing the commissioner from intervening in his subordinate officials＇ judicial behavior. While in judicial practice, by taking advantage of bureaucracy and statutory prerogative, the commissioner has often been meddling with his subordinate officials in their trials and manipulating both trial procedures and outcome. Thus, the judicial process at prefecture level bears the feature of the commissioner＇s judicial autocracy. From the historical perspective of judicial system evolvement in Song Dynasties, the inclination to power constraint in the judicial system and the feature of the commissioner＇s autocracy in the judicial process coexisted, which rooted in the profound contradiction between the insurmountable ＂ancestors＇ doctrines＂ and the ＂traditional practices followed since Han and Tang Dynasties＂.
