CAJ | 학술논문

工商资本大量下乡是我国经济发展阶段转变、农业向现代化转型、农村生产要素关系变化的必然结果,是市场利润、政策红利、圈地诱惑等共同引致的现象,是一个长期趋势而非短期热潮。工商资本下乡务农会产生规模经济效应、知识溢出效应和社会组织效应等三大正面效应,但也可能带来小农挤出效应、公共利益损害和产业安全挑战等问题。现阶段工商资本下乡务农存在“资本潮涌”过程中盲目投资、土地流转契约关系不稳定等隐患。对待工商资本下乡,应在土地流转“三个不得”的前提下,加强引导、严格准入、强化监管、搞好服务,赋予工商资本进入和退出农业的自由选择权。
공상자본대량하향시아국경제발전계단전변、농업향현대화전형、농촌생산요소관계변화적필연결과,시시장리윤、정책홍리、권지유혹등공동인치적현상,시일개장기추세이비단기열조。공상자본하향무농회산생규모경제효응、지식일출효응화사회조직효응등삼대정면효응,단야가능대래소농제출효응、공공이익손해화산업안전도전등문제。현계단공상자본하향무농존재“자본조용”과정중맹목투자、토지류전계약관계불은정등은환。대대공상자본하향,응재토지류전“삼개불득”적전제하,가강인도、엄격준입、강화감관、고호복무,부여공상자본진입화퇴출농업적자유선택권。
The large number of industrial and commercial capital flow into the rural area is the inevitable consequence due to the transformation of our country＇s economic development, the transformation of traditional agriculture into the modern agriculture and the changing of essential factors of rural production. It is a common phenomenon caused by market profits, dividend policy, and enclosure, is a long-term trend rather than short-term boom. It brings a variety of positive effects such as scale economics effect, knowledge spillover effect and social organization effect, however, it might also brings challenges such as small farmers crowding out, public interest being damaged and industrial safety issues. Moreover, hidden dangers such as blindness investment in the ＇capital tide＇ and unstable land transfer contractual relation might exist under the present flow of industrial and commercial capital into the rural area. The appropriate treatment to it should rely on ＇sparse＇ instead of ＇blocking＇, we should strengthen the guidance, strictly set up admittance requirements, strengthen supervision, improve service level, and ensure the right of free choice of industrial and commercial capital to enter into and exit the agriculture industry under the premises of ＇Three shall not be＇ to the land transfer.