CAJ | 학술논문

本文使用中国制造业微观企业1999至2007年的大样本数据,探讨干中学在市场规模扩张的过程中对市场结构动态变化的影响.研究发现,干中学有助于提高行业市场集中度的下限;其次,在较低的干中学行业中,随着市场规模的增加,行业会形成无序的片状的市场结构,行业集中度极度分散;然后,在动态的市场结构中,行业的干中学效应有助于缓解市场结构扩散,使行业市场结构的变动保持一种“粘性”;最后,在很高的干中学行业中,行业的市场集中度会呈现U型的态势,当市场规模达到最佳市场规模后,行业的市场集中度开始上升,此时,内生的市场壁垒会催生行业的市场势力.
본문사용중국제조업미관기업1999지2007년적대양본수거,탐토간중학재시장규모확장적과정중대시장결구동태변화적영향.연구발현,간중학유조우제고행업시장집중도적하한;기차,재교저적간중학행업중,수착시장규모적증가,행업회형성무서적편상적시장결구,행업집중도겁도분산;연후,재동태적시장결구중,행업적간중학효응유조우완해시장결구확산,사행업시장결구적변동보지일충“점성”;최후,재흔고적간중학행업중,행업적시장집중도회정현U형적태세,당시장규모체도최가시장규모후,행업적시장집중도개시상승,차시,내생적시장벽루회최생행업적시장세력.
Learning by doing refers to the improvement of labor productivity in the process of production and material capital accumulation.Since the 1990s,the rapid economic growth in China has been closely associated with the learning by doing mechanism.Chinese manufacturers have a strong learning ability and can access to advanced technology.The operational adaptabiity has made China become a global manufacturing center.The current theory defines learning by doing as sourcing technology.This paper does not measure learning by doing using the traditional approach.We estimate the degree of learning by doing in four domestic manufacturing industries instead of measuring the learning by doing based on the influence of the structure of the Chinese manufacturing industries.The first section introduces the basic model of learning by doing,market scale and market structure.We further expand and revise Sutton market structure model to in order to explain different domestic manufacturing situations.In accordance with high-low degree of learning by doing,we derive industries enterprise number equilibriums in both low andhigh learning by doing cases.The second section introduces the method which measures the learning by doing.The method contains two procedures：total factor productivity and material capital accumulation form total factor productivity.The third section is data and statistical analysis.Our data collects from the domestic industrial enterprise statistics database,including more than 150 thousands manufacturing enterprise.Accordingly,we calculate the degree of learning by doing for domestic manufacturing industries.We finds that the learning bydoing performs heterogeneously across industries.The highest value is 0.543 for special equipment manufacturing and the minimum value is 0.131 for the manufacturing of leather,fur,and feathers （wool）.From the learning slope,the manufacturing industry ranges from 68.3％ to 91.3％.The average learning slope is 80.2％.The initial investment can reduce 19.8％ of manufacturing cost.The forth part contains the empirical model and estimation results.We use the market concentration of the lower limit estimation method to build hyperbolic logarithm model which would adequately estimate the relationship among learning by doing,market scale and market structure.Our research result shows that learning by doing can improve industry market concentration of the bottom.Secondly,the industry will form the disorder of market structure of sheets and industry concentration extremely scattered in the lower learning by doing industry.In addition,learning by doing can help alleviate the spreading of market structure and allow the industry market structure changes to maintain high stickiness in the dynamic market structure.However,as a result of phase characteristic in domestic manufacturing,empirical data have not confirmed the fourth hypothesis that is the bound of market structure presents weakly U style with the sufficient high degree of learning by doing.The conclusions have some positive implications.The development of domestic manufacturing industries should rely on R＆D investment,advertising investment,and learning by doing in order to encourage them to adjust and upgrade incentive industrial structure and improve the stickiness of market structure.