CAJ | 학술논문

我国土地规划管理从理念到体制运行，均存在重大缺陷。规划制定缺失以人为本的理念，支撑规划管理的土地所有权制度过于意识形态化，规划管理权限过于集中，规划的技术性规范过于机械刻板等问题突出，致使我国土地资源浪费严重，国民居住品质差，城乡景观千篇一律、僵化呆板。今后要调整土地规划理念，树立以人为本的新的土地规划理念，探索“消极规划”技术模式，并通过深化土地规划管理体制改革以及其他配套改革，解决上述问题，促进我国土地利用规划管理的民主化、法治化和科学化。
아국토지규화관리종이념도체제운행，균존재중대결함。규화제정결실이인위본적이념，지탱규화관리적토지소유권제도과우의식형태화，규화관리권한과우집중，규화적기술성규범과우궤계각판등문제돌출，치사아국토지자원낭비엄중，국민거주품질차，성향경관천편일률、강화태판。금후요조정토지규화이념，수립이인위본적신적토지규화이념，탐색“소겁규화”기술모식，병통과심화토지규화관리체제개혁이급기타배투개혁，해결상술문제，촉진아국토지이용규화관리적민주화、법치화화과학화。
There are major conceptual and operational management system. These defects include ： a） lack defects in China＇ s current land planning and of human-oriented design ; b） overly abstract land-ownership ideologies with insufficient application strategy; c） overly centralized authority in land planning and management; and d） rigid technical specifications that do not apply well to practical sit- uations. Consequences of these defects include severe waste of land resources, poor living quality of residents, and homogeneity in urban and rural landscape designs throughout the country. China needs to systematically adjust its land planning and management policies, including to balance public au- thority and private rights and to define and differentiate their scopes; to give individuals enough free- dom to exercise their private rights while ensuring fairness and upholding public and interests, so as to let the market plays the decisive role in the utilization of land resources; to adopt a more human-ori- ented philosophy in urban and rural planning and to give equal prominence to social welfare and eco- nomical and development-intensive designs; to increase the proportion of land utilized for the con- struction of residence for the general public ; to improve the efficiency of land management by decen- tralizing corresponding bureaucratic systems; to accelerate the construction and implementation of a well-rounded legal system of land planning and management; to update technical specifications to en- courage human-oriented planning designs and optimize land utilization; to adopt scientific policies supported by up-to-date research and experiment; to prevent monopolies in the certification proces- ses; and to improve the designers＇ accountability mechanism.