CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用中国1995-2011年省际面板数据，采用门槛面板模型得出海归对中国技术进步效应与技术差距存在非线性关系。研究表明，技术差距对海归技术进步的影响存在倒U型关系，当初始阶段技术差距较大时，海归所引致的知识溢出效应呈上升趋势，在达到特定临界值后，呈现递减趋势。随着技术差距的进一步缩小，对中国海归技术进步的影响负相关；影响海归回流知识溢出的技术差距存在门槛效应，技术差距使得海归知识溢出呈现非线性的演进规律。最后，在此基础上提出本文的政策含义。
본문이용중국1995-2011년성제면판수거，채용문함면판모형득출해귀대중국기술진보효응여기술차거존재비선성관계。연구표명，기술차거대해귀기술진보적영향존재도U형관계，당초시계단기술차거교대시，해귀소인치적지식일출효응정상승추세，재체도특정림계치후，정현체감추세。수착기술차거적진일보축소，대중국해귀기술진보적영향부상관；영향해귀회류지식일출적기술차거존재문함효응，기술차거사득해귀지식일출정현비선성적연진규률。최후，재차기출상제출본문적정책함의。
In the paper, by the 1995--2011 Provincial Panel Data in China and using threshold Panel model, there is existed a nonlinear relationships between Returnees＇ knowledge spillovers and the technology gap. Studies have shown that： There is an u-shaped relationship between the technology gap at home and abroad and returnees＇ influence of technological progress. When the technology gap is larger at the initial stage, the knowledge spillover effect caused by returnee is on the rise, after reaching a certain critical level, it showed a trend of decline, and as the technology gap narrowed, returnees to the technology progress effects show the negative correlattion. In terms of China＇s current situation, the corresponding relations between the knowledge spillover effect of most of the provinces with the domestic and foreign technology gap and returnees is still located in the inverted u-shaped curve segments. Furthermore, we concluded that knowledge spillover effect of returnees＇ backflow is governed by endogenous technology gap at home and abroad and it presents the nonlinear dynamic evolution law from weak to strength and back to weak again. Because of the certain threshold value of the technology gap, the knowledge spillover effect of returnees＇ reflux shows the characteristics of nonlinear. At the same time, having the absorption capacity is the precondition of matching the local enterprises to obtain knowledge spillover effect of the returnees. We found that the great technology gap is not conducive to domestic enterprises to absorb and imitate advanced technology which returnees bringing back. The contribution and innovation of the research is reflected in the following aspects ： Firstly, the paper combine the theoretical analysis of the relationship between knowledge spillovers,progress and Economic growth, and discuss the relationship between returnees＇ human capital level with returnees＇ knowledge spillovers, and furtherly discussed the impact of the technological gap betweenn the Chinese provinces with the developed countries. Currently, there are still some controversies in these areas. This study will provide further empirical evidences for this. Secondly, based on the previous literature on the empirical part, the study used a relatively new model of panel threshold model in econometrics. Analyzed the impact of the human capital level of returnees and the technology gap on the technological progress, for this part of some related research are still in the blank. Therefore, this study applied this relatively new measurement method to new areas, and further attention to the previous literature yet covered. Thirdly, the study integrated the areas of human capital flows in labor economics, the field of talent as well as the field of technological progress in macroeconomics, targeting the three cross-frontier areas, and expanding the previous studies which was mainly in the single perspective of talents or labor economics. The policy implications is ： to continue acquire returnees＇s knowledge spillovers, provinces should always remain ＂moderate gap. ＂ The significance of this paper is： on the one hand, according to the technology gap, provinces should choose appropriate technology and develop industries and regional differentiation of returnees introduction policy which was helps to close the gap, the upgrading of industrial structure, improve our eountries＇s technological progress. On the other hand, the regional technical level and human capital accumulation have a big difference, and economic devel- opment is uneven. For backward economic development areas, as the technology gap is too large, the blind introduction of a large number of returnees, through a variety of overseas high-level talents may be can not ultimately achieved promote local technological progress duing to the introduction of the local absorptive capacity is too low. Instead, the emphasis on the local human capital level and human capital investment, focusing on the local enterprises development and self-training talents may be easier to solve the bottleneck of knowledge spillovers, accelerate our technological progress.