CAJ | 학술논문

自古以来，教育一直具有公共事业的特性，它先后经历过以宗教慈善学校、世俗慈善学校、福利国家以公立学校为主导的教育系统，以及私立学校的兴起等不同发展阶段，形成了目前公立学校、私立非营利学校和营利性学校并存的格局。中国当今的民办教育从国家垄断公共事业的封闭格局中脱颖而出，在特定的社会和时代背景下，表现出趋利性特征。作为当前的政策议题，促进民办教育分类管理的公共政策干预具有一定的合理性，但是，历史和国际经验表明，教育公共性的形成是长期演化过程的结果，需要在涵养学校主体自由和能动行为的基础上，形成一个具有自洽性和支持性的制度系统。
자고이래，교육일직구유공공사업적특성，타선후경력과이종교자선학교、세속자선학교、복리국가이공립학교위주도적교육계통，이급사립학교적흥기등불동발전계단，형성료목전공립학교、사립비영리학교화영리성학교병존적격국。중국당금적민판교육종국가롱단공공사업적봉폐격국중탈영이출，재특정적사회화시대배경하，표현출추리성특정。작위당전적정책의제，촉진민판교육분류관리적공공정책간예구유일정적합이성，단시，역사화국제경험표명，교육공공성적형성시장기연화과정적결과，수요재함양학교주체자유화능동행위적기출상，형성일개구유자흡성화지지성적제도계통。
From everlasting, education has the character of public utilities.. It goes through religious charity schools, secular charity schools, public schools in welfare state, and rise of private schools. The current pattern is typically characterized by three types of schools, which are public schools, non-profit private schools and for-profit private schools respectively. Chinese non-government funded education emerges from state monopoly on public utilities and shows some for-profit characteristics under the specific social and historical background. As the current policy topic, policy intervention which promotes to classify to manage the non-government funded education has certain rationality. However, the historical and international experience shows that the formation of publicness of education goes through long-term evolutionary process. So private education need to form an institutional system with self-consistency and supportability on the basis of subject freedom and dynamic behavior.