CAJ | 학술논문

本文研究发现：产业结构升级降低了农村就业增长率,但提高了农民的工资增长率,提高了城市初级劳动力的工资增长率,但对农民工就业增长率存在倒U型影响,对城市高级劳动力就业存在U型影响;产业结构升级通过人力资本增长放大了城市高级劳动力的工资增长率,但却削弱了初级劳动力对高级劳动力工资增长的驱动作用。人力资本增长会放大城市部门内部的工资差距而产业结构升级却对此有一定的抑制作用,初级劳动力工资的城乡差距在产业结构升级中会逐步消失,人力资本增长会放大城市高级劳动力与农村初级劳动力工资差距而产业结构升级却对此有一定的抑制作用。随着产业结构升级,农村部门的萎缩将使增长变小,初级劳动力驱动的增长将变小,但人力资本驱动的增长将变大。为缓和中国日益扩大的不平等与逐渐下滑的增长趋势,产业结构升级、人力资本投资和均等化以及户籍改革需要同时齐头并进。
본문연구발현：산업결구승급강저료농촌취업증장솔,단제고료농민적공자증장솔,제고료성시초급노동력적공자증장솔,단대농민공취업증장솔존재도U형영향,대성시고급노동력취업존재U형영향;산업결구승급통과인력자본증장방대료성시고급노동력적공자증장솔,단각삭약료초급노동력대고급노동력공자증장적구동작용。인력자본증장회방대성시부문내부적공자차거이산업결구승급각대차유일정적억제작용,초급노동력공자적성향차거재산업결구승급중회축보소실,인력자본증장회방대성시고급노동력여농촌초급노동력공자차거이산업결구승급각대차유일정적억제작용。수착산업결구승급,농촌부문적위축장사증장변소,초급노동력구동적증장장변소,단인력자본구동적증장장변대。위완화중국일익확대적불평등여축점하활적증장추세,산업결구승급、인력자본투자화균등화이급호적개혁수요동시제두병진。
This paper gets some conclusions. Firstly, the industry structural changes would reduce the rate of employment growth and increase the rate of wage growth in rural, also increase the rate of wage growth of primary labor, have the reverse U shape effect on the rate of peasant worker growth and the U shape effect on the number of advanced labor in cities, enhance the rate of wage growth of advanced labor via human capital growth but reduce the positive effect of primary labor on this rate. Sec- ondly, the industry structural changes would reduce the wage gap which is increased by human capital growth between advanced labor and primary labor in urban sector or between advanced labor in urban and primary labor in rural, and the wage gap of pri- mary labor between urban and rural would disappear. Thirdly, the structural changes would reduce the rate of economic growth in rural sector, enhance the rate of economic growth in urban sector via human capital growth but reduce the positive effect of primary labor on this rate. With industry structural upgrading, the rate of economic growth in rural sector will be redueed, and the rate of economic growth which is driven by primary labor will also be reduced,however,the rate of economic growth which is driven by human capital will be enhanced. In order to deter the ascending inequality and descending growth in China, there must keep industry structural upgrading, accumulation and equalization of human capital, and abolishing the household register by neck and neck.