CAJ | 학술논문

美国彩票业的发展经历了一个曲折的历程,彩票业对各个时期美国公益事业的发展发挥了重要的作用。在殖民地时期,彩票收入资助了当时的高等教育机构和公共工程建设。在北美独立战争期间,彩票所得在一定程度上缓减了当时战争费用紧张的压力。在战后的基础设施建设中,彩票收入成了重要的资金来源。尽管在19世纪早期彩票业的发展进入了“黄金年代”,但由于当时彩票业实行私有化的经营方式,各州政府对其缺乏有效的监督管理,彩票腐败和舞弊事件层出不穷,最终导致该产业的衰落。直到20世纪60年代,彩票业在美国重新兴起。彩票业有力地支持了各州的公共福利和教育事业,比较完善的监管体制有效地保证了该产业的良性发展。
미국채표업적발전경력료일개곡절적역정,채표업대각개시기미국공익사업적발전발휘료중요적작용。재식민지시기,채표수입자조료당시적고등교육궤구화공공공정건설。재북미독립전쟁기간,채표소득재일정정도상완감료당시전쟁비용긴장적압력。재전후적기출설시건설중,채표수입성료중요적자금래원。진관재19세기조기채표업적발전진입료“황금년대”,단유우당시채표업실행사유화적경영방식,각주정부대기결핍유효적감독관리,채표부패화무폐사건층출불궁,최종도치해산업적쇠락。직도20세기60년대,채표업재미국중신흥기。채표업유력지지지료각주적공공복리화교육사업,비교완선적감관체제유효지보증료해산업적량성발전。
American lottery industry which had experienced a tortuous course has played an important role in the Cause of public good in different historical periods. In the colonial times, the 13 original colonies established their lottery system in order to raise revenue to support the higher education institutions and public works. The lottery proceeds helped to ease the pressure of war cost during the Revolutionary War and funded the infrastructure construction after the war. In early 19th century, American lottery industry entered its golden age. However, due to the privatization of the lottery and the lack of effective regulation, the corruption and fraud in lotteries became rampant and made the state governments prohibit lotteries in the end of the 19th century. Since the staterun lottery was legalized in 1960s, strict regulatory system was established to promote the healthy development of the industry and the increasing lottery revenue was used to support the public welfare and public education.