心理科学进展
心理科學進展
심이과학진전
Advances In Psychological Science
2014年
10期
1573~1584
,共null页
范玲霞 齐森青 郭仁露 黄博 杨东
範玲霞 齊森青 郭仁露 黃博 楊東
범령하 제삼청 곽인로 황박 양동
奖励 注意选择 注意捕获 奖励驱动
獎勵 註意選擇 註意捕穫 獎勵驅動
장려 주의선택 주의포획 장려구동
reward; attention selection; attention capture; value-driven
奖励不仅能够塑造行为,也能影响个体的内部心理过程。在注意选择过程中,与奖励联结的刺激能够吸引注意资源。当目标刺激与奖励联结时,能够易化注意选择过程;当分心刺激与奖励联结时,能够阻碍注意选择过程。可见,奖励从不同角度对注意选择产生影响。奖励对注意选择的影响可能有其特有的认知机制,并且奖励对注意的捕获效应受到许多因素的调节,如奖励预测、工作记忆容量、人格特质及刺激的新异性。未来的研究应该尝试将奖励影响注意选择的研究成果应用于不良注意偏向临床干预的实践领域。
獎勵不僅能夠塑造行為,也能影響箇體的內部心理過程。在註意選擇過程中,與獎勵聯結的刺激能夠吸引註意資源。噹目標刺激與獎勵聯結時,能夠易化註意選擇過程;噹分心刺激與獎勵聯結時,能夠阻礙註意選擇過程。可見,獎勵從不同角度對註意選擇產生影響。獎勵對註意選擇的影響可能有其特有的認知機製,併且獎勵對註意的捕穫效應受到許多因素的調節,如獎勵預測、工作記憶容量、人格特質及刺激的新異性。未來的研究應該嘗試將獎勵影響註意選擇的研究成果應用于不良註意偏嚮臨床榦預的實踐領域。
장려불부능구소조행위,야능영향개체적내부심리과정。재주의선택과정중,여장려련결적자격능구흡인주의자원。당목표자격여장려련결시,능구역화주의선택과정;당분심자격여장려련결시,능구조애주의선택과정。가견,장려종불동각도대주의선택산생영향。장려대주의선택적영향가능유기특유적인지궤제,병차장려대주의적포획효응수도허다인소적조절,여장려예측、공작기억용량、인격특질급자격적신이성。미래적연구응해상시장장려영향주의선택적연구성과응용우불량주의편향림상간예적실천영역。
Stimulus associated with reward could capture attention, which was called value-driven attention capture （Anderson, 2013）. Reward can facilitate attention selection when it was associated with target; while it would slow down target selection when associated with distractor. Reward exerts great impact on attention deployment by unique cognitive mechanism which can be modulated by various factors such as monetary prediction, capacity of visual working memory, personal characteristics and the salience of stimulus. Future studies should try to apply research findings of value-driven attention capture to the intervention of attention dysfunction.
