CAJ | 학술논문

翻转课堂的实现依赖于两个环境，其一是学生课下的学习环境；其二是课堂学习环境。要实现有效的课堂翻转，课下的学习环境不仅要支持学生通过观看微型视频材料、完成练习题开展自主学习，实现知识的一次内化，还要支持教师管理学生的自主学习行为、掌握学生全体与个体的学习情况，为设计与课下学习有效衔接的课堂活动和实现课上的知识二次内化做好准备。通过对可汗学院在线平台的功能进行的全面分析，发现可汗学院在线平台以知识地图和知识与技能掌握水平分级为基础，具有强大的学习分析和统计功能，适应翻转课堂课下学习环节学生和教师活动的需求。在此基础上对国内相关数字资源的建设，提出了“注重知识点微视频资源的整体性和系统性”，“从课程（教学）设计的角度，结合翻转课堂的特点，在把握学生和教师活动内容的基础上，分析学习发生的路径和过程，设计并开发在线学习环境的各种功能”等可供参考的建议。
번전과당적실현의뢰우량개배경，기일시학생과하적학습배경；기이시과당학습배경。요실현유효적과당번전，과하적학습배경불부요지지학생통과관간미형시빈재료、완성연습제개전자주학습，실현지식적일차내화，환요지지교사관이학생적자주학습행위、장악학생전체여개체적학습정황，위설계여과하학습유효함접적과당활동화실현과상적지식이차내화주호준비。통과대가한학원재선평태적공능진행적전면분석，발현가한학원재선평태이지식지도화지식여기능장악수평분급위기출，구유강대적학습분석화통계공능，괄응번전과당과하학습배절학생화교사활동적수구。재차기출상대국내상관수자자원적건설，제출료“주중지식점미시빈자원적정체성화계통성”，“종과정（교학）설계적각도，결합번전과당적특점，재파악학생화교사활동내용적기출상，분석학습발생적로경화과정，설계병개발재선학습배경적각충공능”등가공삼고적건의。
The flipped classroom relies on two kinds of environment： one is the after-class environment, the other is the in-class environment. To achieve flipping of effective classroom, the after-class environment should have the functions as following： sup-porting students’ independent learning by providing micro instructional videos, exercises and quizzes, which is helpful for students ’ first internalization of knowledge; supporting teachers to supervise students ’ independent learning and know about the whole and the individual students’ learning results, which is helpful for teachers to make preparation for designing in-class activities that are appro-priate for students’ second internalization of knowledge. By analyzing the online platform of Khan Academy, it is found that its plat-form is set up based on knowledge map and the mastery levels of knowledge and skills, which has powerful functions of learning ana-lytics and statistics that are conforming to the needs of activities of students and teachers in after-class environment. According to the characteristics of online platform of Khan Academy, it is put forward that in micro instructional videos, the unity and systematicness of knowledge should be paid attention. Besides, various functions of online learning environment should be designed and developed after taking into account the instructional design, the characteristics of flipped classroom, the students ’ and teachers’ activities, and analy-sis of learning process.