CAJ | 학술논문

本文采用2001-2010年全国30个省份有关粮食生产的面板数据,基于粮食生产区域分异视角,运用随机前沿生产函数模型对我国粮食主产区、主销区、平衡区种粮技术效率进行了测算,然后将反映农村劳动力资源变迁的变量纳入技术非效率模型,比较分析了不同区域农村劳动力数量及质量变化对种粮技术效率的影响.结果表明：①农村劳动力非农转移对粮食生产技术效率的提高有显著正向积极作用,就区域影响程度来看,平衡区＞主产区＞主销区,说明在粮食平衡区劳动力转移对粮食生产效率有较大的提升作用,意味着在该区域存在较多的农村剩余劳动力;②农村人力资本水平对粮食生产技术效率也具高度显著的正向影响,但影响力度不大,表明我国农村劳动力资源存在着质量意义的过剩现象,同时也揭示了我国农业生产技术进步在很大程度上属于非技能偏态技术进步;③在技术效率水平上,全国及三大区域都呈现出浮动上涨趋势,效率水平不断提高,其中以主销区平均技术效率最高,主产区次之,平衡区最低.
본문채용2001-2010년전국30개성빈유관양식생산적면판수거,기우양식생산구역분이시각,운용수궤전연생산함수모형대아국양식주산구、주소구、평형구충량기술효솔진행료측산,연후장반영농촌노동력자원변천적변량납입기술비효솔모형,비교분석료불동구역농촌노동력수량급질량변화대충량기술효솔적영향.결과표명：①농촌노동력비농전이대양식생산기술효솔적제고유현저정향적겁작용,취구역영향정도래간,평형구＞주산구＞주소구,설명재양식평형구노동력전이대양식생산효솔유교대적제승작용,의미착재해구역존재교다적농촌잉여노동력;②농촌인력자본수평대양식생산기술효솔야구고도현저적정향영향,단영향력도불대,표명아국농촌노동력자원존재착질량의의적과잉현상,동시야게시료아국농업생산기술진보재흔대정도상속우비기능편태기술진보;③재기술효솔수평상,전국급삼대구역도정현출부동상창추세,효솔수평불단제고,기중이주소구평균기술효솔최고,주산구차지,평형구최저.
Based on the 2001 - 2010 panel data about grain production of 30 provinces in China, the random frontier production function model is used to calculate grain production technical efficiencies of the main production area, the main sales area and the balance area. Then, the variables reflecting the influence of the evolvement of rural labor resources are taken into the technical inefficiency model which investigates how the efficiency of food production will be affected by changes of the size and quality of labor resources in different rural regions. The results show that the switch of the rural labor resources to non-agricultural occupations provides a powerful stimulus to the efficiency of food production. And the balance area experiences the strongest effect, followed immediately by the main production area and then the main sales area. It shows that there are more rural surplus labor in the balance area, and transferring surplus labor force has the significant effect on promoting grain production efficiency in this area. In addition, rural human capitals also have a highly positive but limited influence on the efficiency of food production, which reveals that the surplus quality of labor exists, and also indicates the technological progress in China is a largely non-skill technological progress . Furthermore, the technical efficiencies show a tendency to rise steadily throughout China and in three areas above, while the main sales area has the highest technical efficiency, the main production area coming second, and the balance area being the bottom.