CAJ | 학술논문

1979年我国刑法典颁布时的死刑罪名为28个,然而随后不断膨胀,尽管2011年《刑法修正案（八）》取消13个死刑罪名后,死刑罪名总数减至55个,但仍为世界各国之最。从宪法的角度来看,长期以来我国死刑罪名立法控制欠佳的原因主要有三：一是死刑罪名的立法缺乏宪法上生命权条款的约束;二是死刑罪名的立法未遵循宪法所规定的立法权限;三是死刑罪名的立法缺失合宪性审查的监督机制和实践。死刑罪名的立法控制离不开宪法控制,建议通过宪法解释将生命权入宪并在宪法中明确规定对死刑的限制,建议全国人大常委会遵循宪法所规定的立法权限修改刑法逐步减少死刑罪名,建议全国人大及其常委会在对死刑罪名逐一开展合宪性审查的基础上通盘考虑死刑罪名的减少。
1979년아국형법전반포시적사형죄명위28개,연이수후불단팽창,진관2011년《형법수정안（팔）》취소13개사형죄명후,사형죄명총수감지55개,단잉위세계각국지최。종헌법적각도래간,장기이래아국사형죄명입법공제흠가적원인주요유삼：일시사형죄명적입법결핍헌법상생명권조관적약속;이시사형죄명적입법미준순헌법소규정적입법권한;삼시사형죄명적입법결실합헌성심사적감독궤제화실천。사형죄명적입법공제리불개헌법공제,건의통과헌법해석장생명권입헌병재헌법중명학규정대사형적한제,건의전국인대상위회준순헌법소규정적입법권한수개형법축보감소사형죄명,건의전국인대급기상위회재대사형죄명축일개전합헌성심사적기출상통반고필사형죄명적감소。
In 1979,the criminal law had 28 death penalty charges,but then expanding,despite the amendment（ eight） of the criminal law in 2011 canceled 13 death penalty charges,the number of death penalty charges to 55,but is still the world＇s most.From the point of constitution,the death penalty legislation to poor control have three reasons： firstly the death penalty legislation is lack of constraint of constitutional right to life; secondly,the death penalty legislation does not follow the legislative power according to the provisions of the constitution; thirdly,the lack of the constitutional review. The legislation control of death sentence cannot do without the constitutional control. We suggest,put the right to life into the constitution through interpretation and clearly defined the limitation of death penalty in the constitution; the NPC standing committee reduce the charges of death penalty gradually follow the provisions of the constitution; the NPC and its standing committee to consider reduction of death penalty charges based on the constitutional review.