CAJ | 학술논문

户籍制度改革劳动力流动农业劳动力转移非正式迁移非农就业户籍迁移收入差距福利差别户籍门槛城乡二元结构戶籍製度改革勞動力流動農業勞動力轉移非正式遷移非農就業戶籍遷移收入差距福利差彆戶籍門檻城鄉二元結構
호적제도개혁 노동력류동 농업노동력전이 비정식천이 비농취업 호적천이 수입차거 복리차별 호적문함 성향이원결구
Key words： household register system reform; labor flow; agricultural labor transfer; informal emigration; non-agricultural employment; household register transfer; income gap ; welfare gap; household register threshold ; urbanand rural dual structure

城乡分割的户籍制度是我国人口大规模＂非正式迁移＂长期存在的重要原因。从经济学视角看,户籍制度在不同等级城市政府间出现改革程度及进度的差异有着内生性根源,数量模型推导的结果表明：在其他条件不变的情况下,农业劳动力流动的原动力来自城市和农村效用最大化的组合决策,依附于户口差别的收入和福利差距以及城市和农村两个维度的户籍门槛内生性地调控着农业劳动力非农就业转移的规模,同时引导着非农就业转移劳动力及其附载人口在不同城市之间的户籍配置。
성향분할적호적제도시아국인구대규모＂비정식천이＂장기존재적중요원인。종경제학시각간,호적제도재불동등급성시정부간출현개혁정도급진도적차이유착내생성근원,수량모형추도적결과표명：재기타조건불변적정황하,농업노동력류동적원동력래자성시화농촌효용최대화적조합결책,의부우호구차별적수입화복리차거이급성시화농촌량개유도적호적문함내생성지조공착농업노동력비농취업전이적규모,동시인도착비농취업전이노동력급기부재인구재불동성시지간적호적배치。
An important reason for the long-term existence of large-scale informal emigration of Chinese population is household register system which separates the urban and rural areas. From the perspective of economics, the household register system reform difference in the reform degree and progress between the governments of the cities with different grades has endogenous cause, the results derived from quantitative model show that under the condition that other prerequisites do not change, the original motive power of agricultural labor flow comes from the combined decision with urban and rural utility maximization, that the scale of non-agricultural employment transfer from agricultural labor is endogenously regulated by the household register system threshold with urban and rural two dimensions and by the difference in income and welfare based on the difference in the household register status and meanwhile the deployment of the household register between different cities for the non-agricultural employment of the transferred labor and their carried population are directed by this.