CAJ | 학술논문

存在问题一直是西方形而上学研究的基本问题。西方传统形而上学对存在问题的研究使得西方哲学走了一条抽象而思辨的歧途上去了,远离了形而下学的社会和人生。为了填平形而上学与形而下学之间的巨大分裂,海德格尔为此做出过巨大的努力,提出了此在形而上学思想。由于＂此在＂（Dasein）的本质是去存在而不是现存存在,＂此在＂必然就具有康德意义上的先验性。这样的先验性是西方形而上学的典型特征。从这种意义上说,海德格尔对＂此在＂分析的基础存在论就可以视为他的形而上学的基本思想。＂此在＂的存在是通过在世界之中的形而下学的＂生存＂展现出来的。对＂操心＂、＂沉沦＂等生存状态分析的生存论便是海德格尔形而下学思想。海德格尔的基础存在论和他的生存论都是以＂此在＂为基础的。这样形而上学与形而下学便在＂此在＂的基础上统一起来,从而海德格尔完成了他的现代西方形而上学的重构。这一重构为现代西方形而上学的发展开启了一个崭新的方向。
존재문제일직시서방형이상학연구적기본문제。서방전통형이상학대존재문제적연구사득서방철학주료일조추상이사변적기도상거료,원리료형이하학적사회화인생。위료전평형이상학여형이하학지간적거대분렬,해덕격이위차주출과거대적노력,제출료차재형이상학사상。유우＂차재＂（Dasein）적본질시거존재이불시현존존재,＂차재＂필연취구유강덕의의상적선험성。저양적선험성시서방형이상학적전형특정。종저충의의상설,해덕격이대＂차재＂분석적기출존재론취가이시위타적형이상학적기본사상。＂차재＂적존재시통과재세계지중적형이하학적＂생존＂전현출래적。대＂조심＂、＂침륜＂등생존상태분석적생존론편시해덕격이형이하학사상。해덕격이적기출존재론화타적생존론도시이＂차재＂위기출적。저양형이상학여형이하학편재＂차재＂적기출상통일기래,종이해덕격이완성료타적현대서방형이상학적중구。저일중구위현대서방형이상학적발전개계료일개참신적방향。
Studies of existence by traditional western metaphysics made western philosophy take a wrong path of abstract speculation,gong far off from physical society and life. Heidegger made enormous efforts to bridge the vast gap between metaphysics and physics by introducing his metaphysical theory of dasein. However,since his dasein was past but not present,it must be of apriority in Kant＇s sense,which is typical of western metaphysics. In this connection,Heidegger＇s basic existentialism in his analysis of ＂dasein＂can be regarded as the gist of his metaphysics and the existentialism by which he analyzed such existing situations as ＂worry＂and ＂degradation＂can be taken as his physical thought. Heidegger based his fundamental ontology and existentialism both on dasein,thus offering a common basis for metaphysics and physics. In this way,he completed the reconstruction of modern western metaphysics,opening a brand-new orientation for its advancement.