CAJ | 학술논문

美国大学考试中心的大学学业水平评估、美国教育考试服务处的能力测试以及美国教育资助委员会的大学学习评估是在美国具有广泛影响的学生学习成果标准化评估工具。三者都从大学生通识能力的角度理解大学生学习成果,运用价值增值评估方法,侧重于评估大学生的高阶思维能力和一般综合能力,在评估指标上都重视评估大学生批判性思维能力和写作能力。与此同时,三者在评估对象的选择、评估的具体指标、评估形式和评估报告的呈现形式等方面又各具特点。尽管这三个工具受到美国许多高校的信任和欢迎,但它们对学生缺乏吸引力,影响了其评估结果的可靠性。中国今后在应用、引进和开发此类评估工具时,应注意汲取这些工具的正反两方面经验,深入梳理中国大学生学习结果的内涵,着眼于自主开发既具世界视野又切合中国实际的大学生学习成果评估工具,发展更成熟的评估和数据分析方法。
미국대학고시중심적대학학업수평평고、미국교육고시복무처적능력측시이급미국교육자조위원회적대학학습평고시재미국구유엄범영향적학생학습성과표준화평고공구。삼자도종대학생통식능력적각도리해대학생학습성과,운용개치증치평고방법,측중우평고대학생적고계사유능력화일반종합능력,재평고지표상도중시평고대학생비판성사유능력화사작능력。여차동시,삼자재평고대상적선택、평고적구체지표、평고형식화평고보고적정현형식등방면우각구특점。진관저삼개공구수도미국허다고교적신임화환영,단타문대학생결핍흡인력,영향료기평고결과적가고성。중국금후재응용、인진화개발차류평고공구시,응주의급취저사공구적정반량방면경험,심입소리중국대학생학습결과적내함,착안우자주개발기구세계시야우절합중국실제적대학생학습성과평고공구,발전경성숙적평고화수거분석방법。
Collegiate Assessment of Academic Proficiency（CAAP） from American College Test（ACT）, ETS Proficiency Profile created by the Educational Testing Service（ETS） and Collegiate Learning Assessment（CLA）launched by the Council for Aid to Education（CAE） are three broadly influential standardized assessment instruments of student learning outcomes nationwide. The three instruments all employ a ＂value-added＂assessment model in an effort to apprehend students＇ learning outcomes through their general abilities in college. They focus on the assessment of students＇ higher-order thinking skills and general comprehensive ability, with an emphasis on assessing college students＇ development of critical thinking and writing skills. Nevertheless, they vary from each other in their selection of test-takers, specific assessment indicators, test formats and presentations of report. In spite of their reliability and popularity among large numbers of American higher education institutions, their lack of attraction to college students has threatened the validity of their results. When applying, importing and developing this type of assessment instruments, China should be cautious of both experiences and lessons learned from them and gain an in-depth understanding of the contents of student learning outcomes in college. The ultimate purpose is to develop assessment instruments that both share a global perspective and fit the actual conditions in China. In particular, special attention needs to be paid to the development of mature assessment methods and data analysis approaches.