CAJ | 학술논문

与不带情绪色彩的刺激相比，具有情绪意义的刺激可引起注意偏向。本研究以情绪场景图片为材料，通过眼动技术分别记录被试在反向眼跳任务和Go／No—go任务中的眼动数据，考察了情绪图片的注意偏向。结果发现：反向眼跳任务中，对情绪图片的眼跳错误率更高，对负性图片的眼跳潜伏期比中性图片更长；Go任务中，相对于呈现在中央的中性图片，情绪图片引起的对靶子的眼跳潜伏期更长；No—go任务中，相对于呈现在中央的中性图片，情绪图片引起的眼跳错误率更低。这说明情绪图片可引起注意偏向，表现为更快地捕获注意并且注意更难从情绪图片上转移。
여불대정서색채적자격상비，구유정서의의적자격가인기주의편향。본연구이정서장경도편위재료，통과안동기술분별기록피시재반향안도임무화Go／No—go임무중적안동수거，고찰료정서도편적주의편향。결과발현：반향안도임무중，대정서도편적안도착오솔경고，대부성도편적안도잠복기비중성도편경장；Go임무중，상대우정현재중앙적중성도편，정서도편인기적대파자적안도잠복기경장；No—go임무중，상대우정현재중앙적중성도편，정서도편인기적안도착오솔경저。저설명정서도편가인기주의편향，표현위경쾌지포획주의병차주의경난종정서도편상전이。
Compared with neutral stimuli, emotional stimuli usually gain priority during cognitive processing. In the current study, we recorded participants＇ eye movements using an EyeLink II eye tracker to explore how emotional pictures induce emotional bias. An antisaccade task and Go/No- go task were adopted in Experiment 1 ＆ 2. Experiment 1 used an antisaccade task in which, when a picture （positive, negative or neutral） appeared on the left or the right of the central fixation cross, participants were required to ignore the picture and to make an eye movement to fixate an equivalent distance to the opposite side of the fixation cross as quickly and as accurately as possible. In Experiment 2, for Go/No-go task, a picture （positive, negative or neutral） appeared at screen center together with a square displayed to either its left or fight side. The color of the square was either blue or yellow, and this color was the condition cue, which indicated cued a Go or No-go response. The relationship between the color and the meaning of the squares was balanced across participants. In the Go condition, participants were instructed to move their eyes from the picture to the color square as quickly as possible, while in the No-go condition, participants were instructed to ignore the color square and to maintain gaze on the picture. We collected correct trial latencies and directional error rates for both experiments. Repeated measures ANOVAs of emotion type （positive, negative and neutral） and picture position （left and right） were conduced for Experiment 1. The results showed that negative pictures received longer saccade latencies than neutral pictures. The saccade error rates for emotional pictures （positive and negative） were higher than neutral pictures. The directional error rates were higher for positive pictures displayed on the right side than the left, while the directional error rates did not differ between negative pictures appeared on the right and left sides. Repeated measures ANOVAs of emotion type （positive, negative and neutral） were conducted for Experiment 2. In the Go condition, compared with neutral pictures, when emotional pictures （positive and negative） were presented in the screen center, participants moved their eyes towards the peripheral targets （the squares） more slowly. In the No-go condition, participants were less likely to make saccades to the peripheral target squares in emotional （positive and negative） conditions. In conclusion, we found emotional pictures capture participants＇ attention more quickly, and it is more difficult for participants to disengage their attention from emotional pictures compared with neutral stimuli.