CAJ | 학술논문

摘要科技的发展增加了人机互动中任务中断现象的发生，任务中断管理（Task Interruption Management，TIM）成为工作取得成功日益重要的部分。TIM研究主要采用中断消极影响减少和中断价值评估两种范式，基于记忆的理论、多重资源管理理论和中断管理模型为TIM提供了理论基础，在此基础上研究者发展出基于用户和基于环境的中断管理方法。未来研究需从关注中断的积极影响、内部中断、人的因素尤其是情感性和社会性因素人手加强TIM研究。
적요과기적발전증가료인궤호동중임무중단현상적발생，임무중단관리（Task Interruption Management，TIM）성위공작취득성공일익중요적부분。TIM연구주요채용중단소겁영향감소화중단개치평고량충범식，기우기억적이론、다중자원관리이론화중단관리모형위TIM제공료이론기출，재차기출상연구자발전출기우용호화기우배경적중단관리방법。미래연구수종관주중단적적겁영향、내부중단、인적인소우기시정감성화사회성인소인수가강TIM연구。
Task interruption（TI） represent a ubiquitous phenomenon in our daily life： While performing some primary task, a person is interrupted and must engage in a secondary task before resuming the primary task. TIM has become increasingly important for successful performance in the many fields of work. In this paper we try to undertake a systematic review of the current TIM research in psychology and HCI, so as to further explore the direction and focus of future research. In the first place, TIM has been defined the process of coordinating the main task and interrupting task so as to harness the benefits while minimizing the costs. We also present two distinct paradigms of TIM that researchers adopt based on their different goals. One is Interruption impact reduction paradigm which is the current mainstream, the other is Interruption value evaluation paradigm. The former is purposed to reduce negative impacts of TI, the latter is for the sake of harnessing the utility of TI. In the next place, in order to Understand how TI will influence people, Five related theories are introduced which are Memory for goals theory（MGT）, long-term working memory theory（LTWMT）, prospective memory theory（PMT）, multiple resource theory（MRT） and IMSM. The first three theories are all based on memory though they emphasize different aspects of memory. They enable detailed predictions about the disruptive properties of TI, such as the most appropriate timing of TI, the important role of rehearsal and cues. MRT primarily concerns with predicting and explaining multi-tasking performance. The basic tenet of MRT is that, when two tasks compete for the same processing resource within any of the task dimensions, performance is likely to be hampered. IMSM is the first thorough model-based treatment of how people deal with TI. It provides a useful framework for hypothesizing task, operator, and environmental factors relevant to TIM, for describing the effects of TI and behaviors for handling them, ~n.O for identifying dependent measures associated with stages of TIM. Although the basic tenet of the five theories just described is different, but all focus on cognitive factors. Based on the theoretical basis of TIM research, there have been some encouraging efforts to tackle the issue of handling TI. These efforts can be categorized into two classes： one that focuses on the users handling such TI, the second focuses on enhancing or modifying aspects of system design in order to reduce or eliminate the disruptive effects of TI. It can be debated which of the approaches is most valuable. However, we can take a multipronged approach to improving TIM. In the end, we point out that we should also pay more attention to the positive side of TI, internal interruption and the role of user＇s emotional and social factors in the future TIM research.