CAJ | 학술논문

近年来,我国一直在探索建立并完善政府绿色采购制度,以促进绿色环保领域的科技成果转化.而北京市政府采购新能源汽车,不仅提高了北京市空气质量,更推动了新能源汽车的科技成果转化.为此,本文以北京市政府采购福田新能源汽车为例,选用开发项目支出及批准专利数量作为衡量自主创新水平的指标,以主营业务收入及主营业务利润率作为衡量科技成果转化水平的指标,通过构建向量自回归模型（VAR）,对政府采购促进科技成果转化的路径和效果进行了实证分析.研究表明：北京市政府采购新能源汽车促进了福田新能源汽车自主创新水平的提高,对福田汽车公司开发项目支出及专利批准数量增加的贡献度分别高达86.16％和56.25％.而福田新能源汽车自主创新水平的提高又促进了相关科技成果转化,对福田汽车公司主营业务收入及主营业务利润率增加的贡献度分别达到17.89％和74.24％.由此可得出结论：北京市政府采购新能源汽车促进了福田新能源汽车技术自主创新水平的提高,进而促进了相关科技成果转化.为此,我们应该加大政府采购新能源汽车的力度,以便进一步推动新能源汽车技术的科技成果转化;建立并完善政府绿色采购清单体系,优先和强制采购包括取得“生态原产地认证”产品在内的节能环保低碳产品,实现经济效益和环境效益的最优统一,以充分发挥政府采购促进节能环保低碳领域科技成果转化的作用;通过深化高校科技评价体制改革,加强产学研联合,为科技成果顺利转化提供平台.
근년래,아국일직재탐색건립병완선정부록색채구제도,이촉진록색배보영역적과기성과전화.이북경시정부채구신능원기차,불부제고료북경시공기질량,경추동료신능원기차적과기성과전화.위차,본문이북경시정부채구복전신능원기차위례,선용개발항목지출급비준전리수량작위형량자주창신수평적지표,이주영업무수입급주영업무리윤솔작위형량과기성과전화수평적지표,통과구건향량자회귀모형（VAR）,대정부채구촉진과기성과전화적로경화효과진행료실증분석.연구표명：북경시정부채구신능원기차촉진료복전신능원기차자주창신수평적제고,대복전기차공사개발항목지출급전리비준수량증가적공헌도분별고체86.16％화56.25％.이복전신능원기차자주창신수평적제고우촉진료상관과기성과전화,대복전기차공사주영업무수입급주영업무리윤솔증가적공헌도분별체도17.89％화74.24％.유차가득출결론：북경시정부채구신능원기차촉진료복전신능원기차기술자주창신수평적제고,진이촉진료상관과기성과전화.위차,아문응해가대정부채구신능원기차적력도,이편진일보추동신능원기차기술적과기성과전화;건립병완선정부록색채구청단체계,우선화강제채구포괄취득“생태원산지인증”산품재내적절능배보저탄산품,실현경제효익화배경효익적최우통일,이충분발휘정부채구촉진절능배보저탄영역과기성과전화적작용;통과심화고교과기평개체제개혁,가강산학연연합,위과기성과순리전화제공평태.
In recent years,China has been establishing and improving its green procurement system,in order to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the field of green and environmentally friendly productions.By public procuring the new energy vehicles,Beijing government not only improves the city＇ s air quality,but also promotes the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of the new energy vehicles.Therefore,taking Beijing government procuring the new energy vehicles as an example,this paper uses Foton＇ s R＆D expenditures and the number of patents as the measure of independent innovation,and the main business revenue and profit margin as the measure of transformation of scientific and technological achievements.This paper makes an empirical analysis on the approach and effect of government procurement in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,by constructing a Vector autoregression （VAR） model.This research shows that Beijing government procurement has improved the level of independent innovation of Foton new energy vehicles,contributing to 86.16％ and 56.25％ of the increase of its R＆D expenditures and number of patents respectively.Independent innovation of Foton new energy vehicles has in turn promoted the transformation of the relevant scientific and technological achievements,providing 17.89％ and 74.24％ of the growth of its main business revenue and profit margin respectively.It can be concluded that Beijing government procuring the new energy vehicles has improved the level of independent innovation of Foton new energy vehicle technology,thus contributing to the transformation of the relevant scientific and technological achievements.Therefore,we should increase the amount of government procurement of new energy vehicles,in order to further promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of the industry.We should establish and improve the green purchasing list,prioritizing or mandating the procurement of energy-saving,environment-friendly and low-carbon products,including the eco-origin products,which can achieve optimal unification of economic profits and environmental welfare,in order to maximize the effect of government procurement promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the energy-saving,environment-friendly and low-carbon industries.We should deepen the reform of universities＇ technological evaluation system,and encourage researches jointly conducted by enterprises,universities and research institutes,so as to provide a platform for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.We should continue to deepen the reform of science and technology system,in order to achieve the innovation-driven development of china＇s economy.