青海民族大学学报：社会科学版
青海民族大學學報：社會科學版
청해민족대학학보：사회과학판
Journal of Qinghai Nationalities University
2014年
4期
98~103
,共null页
政治社会学 古典阶段 学科史 国家 社会
政治社會學 古典階段 學科史 國傢 社會
정치사회학 고전계단 학과사 국가 사회
Political ,SocioLogy; the Classical Period; the History of Subjects; the State; Society
政治社会学的古典阶段可以追溯到古希腊时期,直至18世纪的启蒙运动。古希腊时期的知识传统是在哲学意义的伦理范畴上来分析和探讨社会政治现象的,但这为学科后来的发展提供了路径和方向。在中世纪,占据统治地位的基督教文明在对古典哲学、政治学等各种思想渐次吸收和接纳过程的中形成了人类思想库中一道独特的风景,即基督教神学政治观。文艺复兴重新肯定了人的尊严,思想家用一种现实主义的眼光来研究人类事务,开始关注现实政治生活。马基雅维利将政治学从哲学的范畴中拉了出来,第一次在学术史上将以权力为核心的政治和以道德为主体的社会区分了开来,使得从学科意义上研究政治和社会的关系具有了可能性。启蒙运动时期的政治思想家更为突显国家的作用和地位,将政治和社会联系了起来,为政治社会学学科的确立铺平了道路。
政治社會學的古典階段可以追溯到古希臘時期,直至18世紀的啟矇運動。古希臘時期的知識傳統是在哲學意義的倫理範疇上來分析和探討社會政治現象的,但這為學科後來的髮展提供瞭路徑和方嚮。在中世紀,佔據統治地位的基督教文明在對古典哲學、政治學等各種思想漸次吸收和接納過程的中形成瞭人類思想庫中一道獨特的風景,即基督教神學政治觀。文藝複興重新肯定瞭人的尊嚴,思想傢用一種現實主義的眼光來研究人類事務,開始關註現實政治生活。馬基雅維利將政治學從哲學的範疇中拉瞭齣來,第一次在學術史上將以權力為覈心的政治和以道德為主體的社會區分瞭開來,使得從學科意義上研究政治和社會的關繫具有瞭可能性。啟矇運動時期的政治思想傢更為突顯國傢的作用和地位,將政治和社會聯繫瞭起來,為政治社會學學科的確立鋪平瞭道路。
정치사회학적고전계단가이추소도고희석시기,직지18세기적계몽운동。고희석시기적지식전통시재철학의의적윤리범주상래분석화탐토사회정치현상적,단저위학과후래적발전제공료로경화방향。재중세기,점거통치지위적기독교문명재대고전철학、정치학등각충사상점차흡수화접납과정적중형성료인류사상고중일도독특적풍경,즉기독교신학정치관。문예복흥중신긍정료인적존엄,사상가용일충현실주의적안광래연구인류사무,개시관주현실정치생활。마기아유리장정치학종철학적범주중랍료출래,제일차재학술사상장이권력위핵심적정치화이도덕위주체적사회구분료개래,사득종학과의의상연구정치화사회적관계구유료가능성。계몽운동시기적정치사상가경위돌현국가적작용화지위,장정치화사회련계료기래,위정치사회학학과적학립포평료도로。
In the period of ancient Greece,the knowledge tradition was to analyze and discuss the social and political phenomena in the sense of philosophy and within the category of ethnics. This was the invasion of philosophy in society, which overlooked or hollowed out the social category. But these knowledge traditions provided the path and direction for the later development of the subjects. In the Middle Ages,the Christian civilization, which occupied the dominant position,finally built a unique scene during the procedure of absorbing and accepting classical philogophy and politics, i. e. Christian theology and political view. The Renaissance reaffirmed the dignity of man. The thinkers began to study human matters in the practical sense and the attention to the real politilcal life was mentioned once again on the schedule. Machiavelli pulled the political science from the category of philosophy and distinguished politicts from society for the first time. The former had power as its core,while the major body of the latter was morality. This made it possible to study the relationship between politics and society from the sense of subjects. The political thinkers during the period of the Enlightenment highlighted the role and the status of the state and associated politics and society, paved the way for the establishment of political sociol- ogy subjects.
