CAJ | 학술논문

1921年入夏以来,商品交换作为新经济政策的主要杠杆很快被商品买卖所击败,苏俄再一次退却,促使列宁重新思考社会主义建设的运行基础和策略方针。首先接受商品交换失败的经济现实,坚定地退却到商业和货币关系。退到商业后,列宁清醒地认识到新经济政策的实质是实现社会主义新经济同农民小经济的结合;为了保障这个结合,他赞成社会主义国有企业按照商业化原则经营,推行经济核算制。列宁认为,在各种经济成分中确立商业和货币关系,并引上国家资本主义轨道,是消化十月革命政治成果的改良主义办法。值得注意的是,虽然列宁这时在理论上仍然把商业、市场视为资本主义经济关系,但事实上已经把市场关系引入社会主义经济成分,为在实践中检验市场能不能与社会主义相容留下了现实立脚点。
1921년입하이래,상품교환작위신경제정책적주요강간흔쾌피상품매매소격패,소아재일차퇴각,촉사렬저중신사고사회주의건설적운행기출화책략방침。수선접수상품교환실패적경제현실,견정지퇴각도상업화화폐관계。퇴도상업후,렬저청성지인식도신경제정책적실질시실현사회주의신경제동농민소경제적결합;위료보장저개결합,타찬성사회주의국유기업안조상업화원칙경영,추행경제핵산제。렬저인위,재각충경제성분중학립상업화화폐관계,병인상국가자본주의궤도,시소화십월혁명정치성과적개량주의판법。치득주의적시,수연렬저저시재이론상잉연파상업、시장시위자본주의경제관계,단사실상이경파시장관계인입사회주의경제성분,위재실천중검험시장능불능여사회주의상용류하료현실립각점。
Since the summer of 1921,commodity exchange as the major lever of New Economic Policy was out-competed by merchandising double-quick.This twice retreat spurs Lenin to rethink about the basis and strategy of socialist construction.First of all,they have to face such a tough economic reality and retreat firmly to marketing and currency trading.Lenin sees clearly that the essence of new economic policy lies in the combination of socialist new economy and the farmer＇s individual economy.In order to protect this combination,he proposes that the socialist state-owned industries be organized according to the commercialized operation principles and economic accounting system.He thinks that it is a reformist measure to strengthen the political outcomes of the great October Revolution by means of redefining the relationship of marketing and currency trading among various economic elements and making them work under state-private management.Notable among these is that though Lenin counts merchandising and marketing as the capitalist economy theoretically,in fact,he has already mixed them up with the elements of socialist economy and founded a standpoint to test whether the market can work along well with socialism in practice.