CAJ | 학술논문

目的：通过问卷和健康体检调查不同PA水平40-49岁高校女性教师相关心血管危险因素,为高校女性教师健康促进提供依据。方法：高校宣传招募415名40-49岁女性教师,采用IPAQ问卷调查日常PA水平后按PA不同分为高（H组）、中（M组）、低（L组）3组,测试身高、体重、腰围、BMI、体脂百分数、血压、PWV和ABI,抽取空腹静脉血测试血脂、血糖指标;采用递增负荷试验测试最大摄氧量,监控递增负荷运动中心电血压变化情况,评价运动中心血管风险。结果：M组和H组的BMI、体脂百分数较L组出现显著性下降（P〈0.05）,血糖均较L组显著性降低（P〈0.05）,M组和H组间差异无统计学意义。运动测试时,完成运动时间和最大心率各组间差异无统计学意义,M组VO2max较L组显著性升高（P〈0.05）,H组VO2max较L组非常显著性升高（P〈0.01）。运动测试中,M组ST段异常人数比例显著少于其他2组（P〈0.05）,但H组血压异常人数比例显著高于其他2组（P〈0.01）;同时,M组ST段下降幅度低于其他2组,QTC变化更平稳。结论：40-49岁高校女性教师随着PA的增加,可增强心肺耐力,减少安静时心血管风险因素;运动中,中等水平PA高校女性教师ST段下降的幅度较小,QTC变化较平稳,发生心电血压异常的几率最低,说明中等水平PA可通过改善运动中心脏功能增强心血管的调节,减少运动中心血管风险。
목적：통과문권화건강체검조사불동PA수평40-49세고교녀성교사상관심혈관위험인소,위고교녀성교사건강촉진제공의거。방법：고교선전초모415명40-49세녀성교사,채용IPAQ문권조사일상PA수평후안PA불동분위고（H조）、중（M조）、저（L조）3조,측시신고、체중、요위、BMI、체지백분수、혈압、PWV화ABI,추취공복정맥혈측시혈지、혈당지표;채용체증부하시험측시최대섭양량,감공체증부하운동중심전혈압변화정황,평개운동중심혈관풍험。결과：M조화H조적BMI、체지백분수교L조출현현저성하강（P〈0.05）,혈당균교L조현저성강저（P〈0.05）,M조화H조간차이무통계학의의。운동측시시,완성운동시간화최대심솔각조간차이무통계학의의,M조VO2max교L조현저성승고（P〈0.05）,H조VO2max교L조비상현저성승고（P〈0.01）。운동측시중,M조ST단이상인수비례현저소우기타2조（P〈0.05）,단H조혈압이상인수비례현저고우기타2조（P〈0.01）;동시,M조ST단하강폭도저우기타2조,QTC변화경평은。결론：40-49세고교녀성교사수착PA적증가,가증강심폐내력,감소안정시심혈관풍험인소;운동중,중등수평PA고교녀성교사ST단하강적폭도교소,QTC변화교평은,발생심전혈압이상적궤솔최저,설명중등수평PA가통과개선운동중심장공능증강심혈관적조절,감소운동중심혈관풍험。
Purpose ： To investigate the cardiovascular risks of different physical activity level of 40-49 college women teachers with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire （IPAQ） and physical examination. And then provide basis for their health promotion. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted in 415 college women teachers （40-49 yrs）. The IPAQ was used to measure PA and volunteers were categorized into three groups （low, moderate and high）. CVD risk factors, including height, weight, waist circumference （WC）, body mass index （BM1）, blood pressure（BP）, PWV and ABI were tested. The blood was collected to test blood lipids, and fasting blood glucose （FBG） at rest. GTXs were conducted to assess maximal oxygen consumption （VO2max）. Electrocardiogram and blood pressure were recorded to evaluation the cardiovascular risk during exercise. All the factors were tested to investigate the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk. Results： BMI and body fat percentage were significantly decreased in M and H group compared with L group （P〈0.05）. In the meantime, FBG were significantly decreased in M and H group compared with L group （P〈0.05） , but there were no differences between the two groups. During the GTXs, the completion time and maximal heart rate showed no difference among the three groups. VO2max in M group was higher than L group （P〈0.05）, and it was also higher in H group than L group （P〈0.01）. The ratio of participants with ST segment depression was lowest in M group （P〈 0.05）. H group had more abnormal people in blood pressure than the other two groups（P〈0.01）. In the mean time, the falling range of ST segment was lower and the change of QTC was smoother in M group than the other two groups. Conclusions ： With the improvement of PA in 40 to 49 years middle-aged college women teachers, cardiovascular risk factors are decreasing and cardiorespiratory fitness are increasing. The moderate level PA college women teachers have lower ST decreasing and QTC in exercise, so the regular moderate level PA is benefit to improve the cardiovascular function and regulation, then decrease cardiovascular risk in exercise.