CAJ | 학술논문

根据气候变化公共产品理论，比较了2013年中国《国家适应气候变化战略》与美国、欧盟适应战略的林业内容，评估了我国与美、欧林业适应战略纳入国家安全的背景条件和战略异同，并重点分析了支持林业适应气候变化的现行财政政策框架。认为，我国基于林业适应战略与林业脆弱性、生态系统自我恢复弹性、国家安全的相互关系，科学识别需要林业提供的适应气候变化公共产品范围的决策机制还不完善。现有林业适应战略，对人工工程干预帮助生态系统自适应的角度考虑较多，对生态系统自适应的连通性、农村发展等考虑较少，且缺乏对人工干预系统方面须公共财政介入的领域进行分析。基于我国公共财政改革的三条考察标志，即财政目标、决策机制和分配机制，提出我国公共财政在支持林业适应气候变化促进国家安全方面，存在公共产品提供缺位现象，同时也具备了财政改良设计的形势需要和转变条件。建议增设林业适应气候变化专项资金，支持水安全的绿色设施、生态安全的绿色生态连通网和湿地、海岸蓝色生态连通网，粮食安全的混农林业、森林食物产业结构、农村发展，提升战略高度，加强支持力度。
근거기후변화공공산품이론，비교료2013년중국《국가괄응기후변화전략》여미국、구맹괄응전략적임업내용，평고료아국여미、구임업괄응전략납입국가안전적배경조건화전략이동，병중점분석료지지임업괄응기후변화적현행재정정책광가。인위，아국기우임업괄응전략여임업취약성、생태계통자아회복탄성、국가안전적상호관계，과학식별수요임업제공적괄응기후변화공공산품범위적결책궤제환불완선。현유임업괄응전략，대인공공정간예방조생태계통자괄응적각도고필교다，대생태계통자괄응적련통성、농촌발전등고필교소，차결핍대인공간예계통방면수공공재정개입적영역진행분석。기우아국공공재정개혁적삼조고찰표지，즉재정목표、결책궤제화분배궤제，제출아국공공재정재지지임업괄응기후변화촉진국가안전방면，존재공공산품제공결위현상，동시야구비료재정개량설계적형세수요화전변조건。건의증설임업괄응기후변화전항자금，지지수안전적록색설시、생태안전적록색생태련통망화습지、해안람색생태련통망，양식안전적혼농임업、삼림식물산업결구、농촌발전，제승전략고도，가강지지력도。
This paper makes a comparison between ＂the national climate adaptation strategy of China＂ and the United States, Europe climate change adaptation strategies on forestry, and analyzes the current situation of finan- cial support for forestry to adapt to climate change. According to public goods supply theory and a analysis on back- ground conditions difference and strengths and weaknesses of the above countries＇ integrating forestry adaptation strategies into national security, the paper points out that china＇ s decision-making mechanism to identify public goods supply range on forestry adaptation to climate change is imperfect, on the basis of a clear understanding of the relationship between forestry climate adaptation strategies, forestry vulnerability, ecosystem restoration resilience and national security. The current forestry adaptation strategies give too much attention to human engineering in- tervention to help the ecosystem, but give less attention to ecosystem connectivity, rural development and other considerations. On the basis of the three main logical clues of public finance reform, namely financial goals, deci- sion-making mechanism and distribution mechanisms, the paper thinks that there is the absence of the phenome- non to provide public goods for forestry adaptation climate to promote national security. The paper proposes that public finance makes the creation of a special fund for forestry to adapt climate change, to provide green facilities for water security, to build green eco network and wetlands, coastal blue eco network for ecological security, and to develop agroforestry, forest food industry structure, and rural development to support food security.