CAJ | 학술논문

1925年土耳其东南部地区爆发了谢赫塞义德领导的叛乱,此次叛乱深刻影响了土耳其内政和外交,该叛乱也成为20世纪70年代之前库尔德人反叛的标准模板。谢赫塞义德反叛具有传统对抗现代、外围反抗中央的性质,更具有库尔德民族主义反抗土耳其民族主义的性质。受制于现实条件和战略战术的需要,叛乱方和共和国分别塑造了两套政治话语体系：一套以宗教为核心,另一套以民族主义为核心。叛乱方的两套话语体系是,推翻现有具有反宗教性的共和国,恢复素丹—哈里发制度的宗教性话语;库尔德人要反对土耳其人压迫,建立库尔德人国家的民族主义政治话语。共和国发明的宗教性话语为,这是由无知、落后的部落和宗教首领发动的带有宗教性质的复古叛乱,并受到外部的煽动,该叛乱的目标是推翻年轻的共和国,重建素丹—哈里发制度,必须对此进行武力镇压。共和国发明的民族主义政治性话语为,这是库尔德民族主义和分裂主义性质的反叛,目的在于挑战共和国的土耳其特性和领土完整,必须将其根除。这是一场披着宗教外衣的库尔德民族主义与土耳其民族主义之间的对决,它产生了深远影响。
1925년토이기동남부지구폭발료사혁새의덕령도적반란,차차반란심각영향료토이기내정화외교,해반란야성위20세기70년대지전고이덕인반반적표준모판。사혁새의덕반반구유전통대항현대、외위반항중앙적성질,경구유고이덕민족주의반항토이기민족주의적성질。수제우현실조건화전략전술적수요,반란방화공화국분별소조료량투정치화어체계：일투이종교위핵심,령일투이민족주의위핵심。반란방적량투화어체계시,추번현유구유반종교성적공화국,회복소단—합리발제도적종교성화어;고이덕인요반대토이기인압박,건립고이덕인국가적민족주의정치화어。공화국발명적종교성화어위,저시유무지、락후적부락화종교수령발동적대유종교성질적복고반란,병수도외부적선동,해반란적목표시추번년경적공화국,중건소단—합리발제도,필수대차진행무력진압。공화국발명적민족주의정치성화어위,저시고이덕민족주의화분렬주의성질적반반,목적재우도전공화국적토이기특성화령토완정,필수장기근제。저시일장피착종교외의적고이덕민족주의여토이기민족주의지간적대결,타산생료심원영향。
In 1925,a rebellion led of Shaikh Saeed broke out in the southeast of Turkey. This rebellion deeply influenced Turkish domestic and foreign affairs,and also became a typical model for Kurdish revolts before the1970＇s. Shaikh＇s rebellion was characteristic of tradition against modern society,peripheral against central rule,and Kurdish nationalism against Turkish nationalism. Owing to realistic circumstances and strategic and tactic needs,the rebels and republicans respectively their two systems of political discourse,one being religious and the other nationalistic. The rebels＇ two systems of political discourse called to overthrow the existing anti-religious republic so as to restore the religious discourse of the Sultan-Khalifa system. And the Kurds ought to rise against Turkish oppression and establish a national political discourse of the Kurdish nation. In contrast,the republican religious discourse warned that,since the aim of the rebels was to overthrow the young republic and restore the Sultan-Khalifa system,the rebellion must be suppressed. Politically,the republicans thought that,since the rebellion was Kurdish-nationalistic and separatist and meant a challenge to the Turkish character of the republic and her territorial integrity,it must be rooted out. In a word,the rebellion was a religion- clothed battle between Kurdish nationalism and Turkish nationalism and exercised a profound influence.