厦门大学学报:哲学社会科学版
廈門大學學報:哲學社會科學版
하문대학학보:철학사회과학판
Journal of Xiamen University(A Quarterly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)
2014年
6期
37~43
,共null页
产业分类 国际组织 常住单位 经济总体
產業分類 國際組織 常住單位 經濟總體
산업분류 국제조직 상주단위 경제총체
industrial classification, extraterritorial organizations, entity with main residence, overall economy
在联合国的《国际标准产业分类(ISIC)》和中国的国家标准《国民经济行业分类(GB/T4754)》中,均将“国际组织”列作独立的产业门类;在我国的《三次产业划分规定》中,还明确将“国际组织”门类归入第三产业。作为“国际标准”与“国家标准”的产业(行业)分类,其分类对象和范围其实有所不同;遵循科学的“国民核算主体原则”,任何一国的国民经济产业(行业)分类均应以“常住单位”构成的“经济总体”作为基本分类对象,其产业部门中均不应包含国际组织(以及类似的外国使领馆)等非常住单位;只有对于诸如联合国、欧盟、国际货币基金组织等不属于任何单一国家的“经济总体(准国家)”,国际组织作为一个产业门类才具有实际存在意义。因此,为提升国民经济产业分类的科学性、规范性和实用性,应从现行的国家标准《国民经济行业分类》中取消“国际组织”门类,并调整《三次产业划分规定》中的相应内容。
在聯閤國的《國際標準產業分類(ISIC)》和中國的國傢標準《國民經濟行業分類(GB/T4754)》中,均將“國際組織”列作獨立的產業門類;在我國的《三次產業劃分規定》中,還明確將“國際組織”門類歸入第三產業。作為“國際標準”與“國傢標準”的產業(行業)分類,其分類對象和範圍其實有所不同;遵循科學的“國民覈算主體原則”,任何一國的國民經濟產業(行業)分類均應以“常住單位”構成的“經濟總體”作為基本分類對象,其產業部門中均不應包含國際組織(以及類似的外國使領館)等非常住單位;隻有對于諸如聯閤國、歐盟、國際貨幣基金組織等不屬于任何單一國傢的“經濟總體(準國傢)”,國際組織作為一箇產業門類纔具有實際存在意義。因此,為提升國民經濟產業分類的科學性、規範性和實用性,應從現行的國傢標準《國民經濟行業分類》中取消“國際組織”門類,併調整《三次產業劃分規定》中的相應內容。
재연합국적《국제표준산업분류(ISIC)》화중국적국가표준《국민경제행업분류(GB/T4754)》중,균장“국제조직”렬작독립적산업문류;재아국적《삼차산업화분규정》중,환명학장“국제조직”문류귀입제삼산업。작위“국제표준”여“국가표준”적산업(행업)분류,기분류대상화범위기실유소불동;준순과학적“국민핵산주체원칙”,임하일국적국민경제산업(행업)분류균응이“상주단위”구성적“경제총체”작위기본분류대상,기산업부문중균불응포함국제조직(이급유사적외국사령관)등비상주단위;지유대우제여연합국、구맹、국제화폐기금조직등불속우임하단일국가적“경제총체(준국가)”,국제조직작위일개산업문류재구유실제존재의의。인차,위제승국민경제산업분류적과학성、규범성화실용성,응종현행적국가표준《국민경제행업분류》중취소“국제조직”문류,병조정《삼차산업화분규정》중적상응내용。
"Extraterritorial Organizations" are classified as a separate industrial sector not only in United Nations' In- ternational Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities ( ISIC ) but also in China's National Industrial Classi- fication ( GB/T 4754). Besides, according to China's official Regulations on Three-Industry Classifications, "Extraterritori- al Organizations" are included in the tertiary industry. However, this paper argues that substantial differences exist between the "National Standard" and the "International Standard" regarding the entity and scope of industrial classification; that, according to the "Principle of Agents in National Accounts", industrial classification in any country should be based on the overall economy consisting of entities with main residence rather than extraterritorial organizations ( such as foreign embas- sies or consulates or other entities without main residence) ; and that, as an industrial sector, extraterritorial organizations have their practical significance of existence only to such "total economies" (parastates) as the United Nations, the Euro- pean Union, the International Monetary Fund, etc., which do not belong to any single country. Therefore, it is suggested that extraterritorial organizations as an industrial sector should be removed from the current national standards of "National Industrial Classification" , and that the corresponding content in the Regulations on Three-Industry Classifications should be revised accordingly in order to enhance the systematic and normative rigor as well as the practical aspect of national indus- trial classification.