CAJ | 학술논문

目前学术界对嘉道时期的关税征收情况评价较低。关于嘉道时期的关税收入是否下降,关税政策调整有无成效,五口通商后的旧有关税体系是否有自我调节能力,通过研究可知,嘉庆道光时期关税收入仍保持500余万两的水平,并未出现大幅度下降。清政府通过停止三年比较、确立关税盈余以及盈余六成以内免议处等制度调整,从整体上确保了关税收入的稳定。五口通商后,洋货大量涌入中国,清廷在关税方面的应对之策,具有极大的惰性和保守性,难以适应新的形势。
목전학술계대가도시기적관세정수정황평개교저。관우가도시기적관세수입시부하강,관세정책조정유무성효,오구통상후적구유관세체계시부유자아조절능력,통과연구가지,가경도광시기관세수입잉보지500여만량적수평,병미출현대폭도하강。청정부통과정지삼년비교、학립관세영여이급영여륙성이내면의처등제도조정,종정체상학보료관세수입적은정。오구통상후,양화대량용입중국,청정재관세방면적응대지책,구유겁대적타성화보수성,난이괄응신적형세。
Currently, scholars have a low opinion of tariff collection in the Jiaqing-Daoguang reign in the Qing Dynasty. Through a detailed study, this paper gives an answer as to whether the tariff income decreased, whether the tariff policy adjustment worked, and whether the old tariff system had self regulation after the trading of five ports. The tariff income in the Jiaqing-Daoguang reign maintained a level of 500 million liang, without considerable decline. Through three-year adjustment, the Qing government guaranteed the stabilization of tariff income. However, with the surge of imported goods after the trading of five ports, the government＇s corresponding strategies were inac- tive and conservative, unable to adapt to new situation.