CAJ | 학술논문

改革开放以来中国经历了数十年的高速经济发展，也经历了急剧的人口变迁，收入的持续大幅度增长导致劳动力成本的急剧上升，加上农村劳动力大量转向城市和工商业部门，农业劳动力成本的上升更加明显。与市场开放一道，人口变迁大幅度降低中国农产品生产的比较优势，导致农产品进口数量和种类迅速增加。为缓解人口变迁造成的问题，有必要调整农业科技进步的方向，从不计成本提高总产改为重视降低成本、保持和提高国际市场竞争力，同时增加农民收入。
개혁개방이래중국경력료수십년적고속경제발전，야경력료급극적인구변천，수입적지속대폭도증장도치노동력성본적급극상승，가상농촌노동력대량전향성시화공상업부문，농업노동력성본적상승경가명현。여시장개방일도，인구변천대폭도강저중국농산품생산적비교우세，도치농산품진구수량화충류신속증가。위완해인구변천조성적문제，유필요조정농업과기진보적방향，종불계성본제고총산개위중시강저성본、보지화제고국제시장경쟁력，동시증가농민수입。
Since the reform and opening policy, China has experienced decades of fast economic growth, and rapid demographic change. Continuous income growth has let rapid increase in wage rates, accompanied with out-migration of rural laborers, increase in labor costs has been more apparent in agricultural sectors. The increase of labor costs, associated with opening of market, demographic change has led to significant decline in China＇s comparative advantage in agricultural production, and increasing imports of farm products. In order to remedy the problems resulted from demographic change, it is necessary to re-orientate the direction of agricultural scientific and technological, from focusing yields without considering costs to focusing cost reduction in order to improve market competitiveness and farmers＇ income.