CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于劳动力技能匹配的视角，讨论了国家人力资本结构与比较优势的关系。在一般均衡的理论框架下，首先分析了封闭条件下不同技能劳动力在不同替代弹性部门的均衡配置条件。在此基础上，考察了开放条件下两国因人力资本结构不同而形成的比较优势的差异，并进一步推广至多国情形。理论分析表明：人力资本结构差异并不能单独决定比较优势，还需要考虑替代弹性不同的部门对于劳动力技能匹配的要求，替代弹性高的部门要求技能差异大的劳动力搭配进行生产。在其他条件相同的情况下，人力资本分布偏向于某部门特定技能范围的国家在该部门具有比较优势。
본문기우노동력기능필배적시각，토론료국가인력자본결구여비교우세적관계。재일반균형적이론광가하，수선분석료봉폐조건하불동기능노동력재불동체대탄성부문적균형배치조건。재차기출상，고찰료개방조건하량국인인력자본결구불동이형성적비교우세적차이，병진일보추엄지다국정형。이론분석표명：인력자본결구차이병불능단독결정비교우세，환수요고필체대탄성불동적부문대우노동력기능필배적요구，체대탄성고적부문요구기능차이대적노동력탑배진행생산。재기타조건상동적정황하，인력자본분포편향우모부문특정기능범위적국가재해부문구유비교우세。
Based on skill match perspective, this paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between human capital structure and comparative advantage. In a general equilibrium theory framework, how skilled and unskilled labors are allocated in departments with distinct labor elasticity of substitution under autarky is discussed firstly. Then we analyze the relationship between comparative advantage and skill match in a two -country economy and expand it to multi -country model later. The results show that a department＇ s labor elasticity of substitution is positively correlated with the skill disparity of labors it employed. And it affects the comparative advantage together with the pattern of human capital structure. In addition, we find that countries which are abundant in department- specific skill labors departments. will have comparative advantages in those