CAJ | 학술논문

发生于20世纪60年代的四大公害事件是研究战后日本环境问题的原点。其值得称道之处不仅是在公害研究中采纳了流行病学的方法,而且受害者都以法律作为武器提出诉讼并取得了胜利。其中尤以四日市公害影响深远。这和当地政府在发现问题后的迅速反应,并且和科学家富有成效的研究成果密不可分。同时,利益相关群体在环境标准制定过程中均努力通过不同渠道,实施自己的影响。原被认为是科学的标准制定过程在政府审议过程中加入了社会的因素,政府内部以及来自产业界的反对意见使得标准值被打了折扣,而政府官员的觉悟与执行力度则直接决定了环境政策能否顺利实施。
발생우20세기60년대적사대공해사건시연구전후일본배경문제적원점。기치득칭도지처불부시재공해연구중채납료류행병학적방법,이차수해자도이법률작위무기제출소송병취득료성리。기중우이사일시공해영향심원。저화당지정부재발현문제후적신속반응,병차화과학가부유성효적연구성과밀불가분。동시,이익상관군체재배경표준제정과정중균노력통과불동거도,실시자기적영향。원피인위시과학적표준제정과정재정부심의과정중가입료사회적인소,정부내부이급래자산업계적반대의견사득표준치피타료절구,이정부관원적각오여집행력도칙직접결정료배경정책능부순리실시。
The four big pollution diseases which occurred in the 1960s is the origin point of postwar Japanese environmental issues. The praiseworthy points are not only adopting epidemiological ap- proach in pollution studies, but also the victims have taken laws as weapons and won. Especially, the Yokkaichi Asthma has profound impact. This is inseparable from the rapid reaction of local gov- ernment and fruitful research results of scientists. Meanwhile, stakeholders all implemented their influence through different channels in the environmental standard-setting process. The study indi- cates that the once considered scientific standard-setting process is added social factors in the consid eration process of the government, the eounterviews within government and from industry made the standard value discounted, and the consciousness and enforcement of government officials directly determined the successful implementation of environmental policies.