城市问题
城市問題
성시문제
Urban Problems
2015年
1期
2~9
,共null页
政府规制 市场竞争 二元对立 互补融合
政府規製 市場競爭 二元對立 互補融閤
정부규제 시장경쟁 이원대립 호보융합
governmental regulation; market competition; binary opposition; complementary and integration
如何定位和协调政府规制与市场竞争的分工，是城市基础设施领域无法回避的重要理论与现实问题。从历史角度看，自然垄断理论的研究进展为城市基础设施建设放松规制提供了有效支撑。规制理论经历了“强化规制一放松规制一再规制”的发展阶段，研究主题也由“市场失灵与政府矫正措施”过渡至“政府规制效果检验”，并进一步向“规制框架下竞争机制引入”的方向演进。受这一理论演进的影响，中国城市基础设施建设、运营与管理逐渐从政府单一主导模式向政府与市场并存的模式转变。相应地，政府与市场的关系也由二元对立走向互补融合。城市基础设施市场化改革应在保障市场基础性作用的前提下，塑造规制与竞争互补融合的格局，进而实现规制最小化与竞争最大化的最佳组合。
如何定位和協調政府規製與市場競爭的分工，是城市基礎設施領域無法迴避的重要理論與現實問題。從歷史角度看，自然壟斷理論的研究進展為城市基礎設施建設放鬆規製提供瞭有效支撐。規製理論經歷瞭“彊化規製一放鬆規製一再規製”的髮展階段，研究主題也由“市場失靈與政府矯正措施”過渡至“政府規製效果檢驗”，併進一步嚮“規製框架下競爭機製引入”的方嚮縯進。受這一理論縯進的影響，中國城市基礎設施建設、運營與管理逐漸從政府單一主導模式嚮政府與市場併存的模式轉變。相應地，政府與市場的關繫也由二元對立走嚮互補融閤。城市基礎設施市場化改革應在保障市場基礎性作用的前提下，塑造規製與競爭互補融閤的格跼，進而實現規製最小化與競爭最大化的最佳組閤。
여하정위화협조정부규제여시장경쟁적분공，시성시기출설시영역무법회피적중요이론여현실문제。종역사각도간，자연롱단이론적연구진전위성시기출설시건설방송규제제공료유효지탱。규제이론경력료“강화규제일방송규제일재규제”적발전계단，연구주제야유“시장실령여정부교정조시”과도지“정부규제효과검험”，병진일보향“규제광가하경쟁궤제인입”적방향연진。수저일이론연진적영향，중국성시기출설시건설、운영여관리축점종정부단일주도모식향정부여시장병존적모식전변。상응지，정부여시장적관계야유이원대립주향호보융합。성시기출설시시장화개혁응재보장시장기출성작용적전제하，소조규제여경쟁호보융합적격국，진이실현규제최소화여경쟁최대화적최가조합。
How to position and integrate the specializa- tion between government regulation and market competition is an inevitably important theoretical and realistic problem in the field of urban infrastructure. From the perspective of historical development, the progress of the natural monopoly theory provides the theoretical support for urban infrastructure deregulation, mean- while, the government regulation experienced the variation of ＂regulation strengthening, deregulation and re - regulation＂. Accordingly, the research topics also experienced the change process of market failure and government regulation corrective measures, the government inspection of government regulation, and the introduction of competition mechanism within the frame- work of the regulation. As a result, China＇ s urban infrastructure construction, operation and management mode also gradually shifted from the government dominant paradigm to the government- market coexist, and the relationship between the government and the market in the field of urban infrastructure changed from the binary opposition to the complementary and integration. The reform of market in urban infrastructure should guarantee the market mechanism, and shape a complementary and fusion structure between government regulation and market competition, so as to achieve the best effect in the combination of minimum of government regulation and the maximum of market competition.
