城市问题
城市問題
성시문제
Urban Problems
2015年
1期
75~81
,共null页
魏同洋 靳乐山 靳宗振 黄谦
魏同洋 靳樂山 靳宗振 黃謙
위동양 근악산 근종진 황겸
条件价值评估 大气环境质量 支付意愿 北京
條件價值評估 大氣環境質量 支付意願 北京
조건개치평고 대기배경질량 지부의원 북경
conditioned value estimation; air quality;willingness to pay; Beijing
运用双边界二分式意愿调查法（CVM），评估作为北京生态涵养区的延庆县生态保护和建设对改善北京大气质量的价值。调查结果显示，1055份有效问卷中，46．8％的受访者有支付意愿，单边界下居民的支付意愿为404．341元／户／年，双边界下为283．905元／户／年，分别占居民家庭收入的0．27％和0．19％。支付意愿受受访者月收入、是否去过延庆、对植树造林作用的认知、对北京大气质量的主观认识、性别等因素影响。研究同时发现，人们存在对大气保护的认识与行为偏差和对公共物品“搭便车”的可能。双边界二分式评估的结果低于单边界评估结果，双边界95％的置信区间范围显著小于单边界同比例置信区间范围，说明双边界评估结果更精确。通过与其他研究的对比发现，本研究在一定程度上避免了CVM评估方法中的“部分-整体”偏差。
運用雙邊界二分式意願調查法（CVM），評估作為北京生態涵養區的延慶縣生態保護和建設對改善北京大氣質量的價值。調查結果顯示，1055份有效問捲中，46．8％的受訪者有支付意願，單邊界下居民的支付意願為404．341元／戶／年，雙邊界下為283．905元／戶／年，分彆佔居民傢庭收入的0．27％和0．19％。支付意願受受訪者月收入、是否去過延慶、對植樹造林作用的認知、對北京大氣質量的主觀認識、性彆等因素影響。研究同時髮現，人們存在對大氣保護的認識與行為偏差和對公共物品“搭便車”的可能。雙邊界二分式評估的結果低于單邊界評估結果，雙邊界95％的置信區間範圍顯著小于單邊界同比例置信區間範圍，說明雙邊界評估結果更精確。通過與其他研究的對比髮現，本研究在一定程度上避免瞭CVM評估方法中的“部分-整體”偏差。
운용쌍변계이분식의원조사법（CVM），평고작위북경생태함양구적연경현생태보호화건설대개선북경대기질량적개치。조사결과현시，1055빈유효문권중，46．8％적수방자유지부의원，단변계하거민적지부의원위404．341원／호／년，쌍변계하위283．905원／호／년，분별점거민가정수입적0．27％화0．19％。지부의원수수방자월수입、시부거과연경、대식수조림작용적인지、대북경대기질량적주관인식、성별등인소영향。연구동시발현，인문존재대대기보호적인식여행위편차화대공공물품“탑편차”적가능。쌍변계이분식평고적결과저우단변계평고결과，쌍변계95％적치신구간범위현저소우단변계동비례치신구간범위，설명쌍변계평고결과경정학。통과여기타연구적대비발현，본연구재일정정도상피면료CVM평고방법중적“부분-정체”편차。
In order to evaluate ecological protection and construction of Yanqing as ecological conservation zone to improve Beijing air quality, the double - hounded dichotomous contingent valuation method （CVM） is applied to solicit the urban citizens＇ willingness - to - pay （WTP） for promoting forestation of Yanqing. 1055 valid questionnaires are received. The survey shows that 46.8% of interviewees are willing to pay for it. The results show that the respondents are willing to pay CNY 404. 341 per household per year in average under the single boundary solicitation technique, and the average WTP is CNY 283. 905 per household per year in average with the double boundary solicitation technique, accounting for 0.27% , 0.19% of household income respectively. The WTP is influenced by monthly income whether have been to Yanqing, the effect of forestation, views on air quality and gender. The proportion of residents of positive willingness to pay is lower than that of foresta- tion work on atmosphere to improve air quality, which reflects the deviation of awareness to protect the atmosphere and the behavior, free - rider psychology of public goods. The results with double - bounded CVM is lower than that of single - bounded, and its 95% confidence interval boundaries significantly lower than that of single - bounded, which reminds that the double - bounded CVM is more precise than single- bounded CVM.
