CAJ | 학술논문

流畅性可以影响再认，而且仅影响熟悉性加工的观点已得到大量研究的证实。近年一些研究者采用掩蔽启动范式并结合修改的R／K范式、独立判断的R/K范式等实验范式，操控测验项目的流畅性，发现流畅性影响的可能是猜测或者回想加工，因而质疑这个结论。为解释流畅性对再认的影响，流畅性归因理论侧重对流畅性的归因、冲突一归因理论侧重期待流畅性和实际流畅性之间的冲突、预激活一适应模型侧重启动刺激引起的神经活动激活或适应、线索一学习理论侧重流畅性线索的有效性。未来研究应关注流畅性对来源和联结记忆的影响，并考察流畅性对再认的影响在不同年龄人群或遗忘症人群中的表现是否一致。
류창성가이영향재인，이차부영향숙실성가공적관점이득도대량연구적증실。근년일사연구자채용엄폐계동범식병결합수개적R／K범식、독립판단적R/K범식등실험범식，조공측험항목적류창성，발현류창성영향적가능시시측혹자회상가공，인이질의저개결론。위해석류창성대재인적영향，류창성귀인이론측중대류창성적귀인、충돌일귀인이론측중기대류창성화실제류창성지간적충돌、예격활일괄응모형측중계동자격인기적신경활동격활혹괄응、선색일학습이론측중류창성선색적유효성。미래연구응관주류창성대래원화련결기억적영향，병고찰류창성대재인적영향재불동년령인군혹유망증인군중적표현시부일치。
The influence of fluency on recognition memory has been widely investigated in the past 30 years. Numerous studies have found that people tend to endorse more old responses to items that are more fluent. Researchers have posited fluency attribution theory, discrepancy-attribution theory, perceptual fluency-disfluency approach, and cue-learning approach to explain how fluency may affect recognition memory. However, an integrated theory has not been provided yet. Earlier studies, using old/new test paradigms, revealed that both perceptual and conceptual fluency influenced subjects＇ recognition performance. Studies applying binary the R/K judgment paradigm found that fluency selectively influenced familiarity but not recollection, which has been used as strong evidence to support the dual-processing theory of recognition memory. Raj arm （1993） investigated the influence of fluency on recognition with the Jacoby and Whitehouse paradigm using the R/K procedure and she found that the increase of fluency only increased K judgment but had no effect on R judgment. Later, she presented a semantic-related or semantic-unrelated word before the tested word to investigated the influence of conceptual fluency on R/K judgment and found that the increase of conceptual fluency only affected K judgment but not R judgment （Rajaram ＆ Geraci, 2000）. However, recent studies using the independent R/K paradigm （see Higham ＆ Vokey, 2004） with the Jacoby and Whitehouse paradigm found that fluency influenced both familiarity and recollection, which shed doubts on the results of previous research. Taylor and Henson （2012） found that conceptual fluency selectively influenced recollection but not familiarity under some circumstances. Some studies even found that fluency affected guessing, which is implicit memory, but not familiarity or recollection, which is explicit memory. Further studies are still needed to explore the situations in which fluency selectively may affect familiarity, recollection and implicit guessing. Most of the existing studies investigated the effect of fluency on item recognition. Studies on the effect of fluency on source or associated recognition have rarely been conducted. A recent study found that increased fluency could also facilitate source memory. Further studies should also be done to investigate whether fluency facilitates associated memory under some circumstances and the neuro-cognitive mechanism of fluency＇s influence on source or associated memory. Recent studies began to investigate the influence of aging on the effect of fluency on recognition. It was found that fluency affected the recognition performance of both young and old subjects, which suggested that aging does not affect this effect. It was also found that enhancing the fluency of test items could facilitate the recognition performance of people with intermediate Alzheimer disease. Further studies are still needed to investigate more populations, e.g., children, and investigate whether the neuro-cognitive activities associated with fluency and its influence on recognition is different between different age groups or between healthy and amnesic groups.