武汉体育学院学报
武漢體育學院學報
무한체육학원학보
Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education
2015年
1期
96~100
,共null页
心理因素 阶段变化理论 超重 肥胖
心理因素 階段變化理論 超重 肥胖
심리인소 계단변화이론 초중 비반
stage change theory; psychological factors; overweight; obesity
超重和肥胖危害少年学生的身心健康,基于阶段变化理论,探究影响超重和肥胖少年锻炼阶段转变的心理因素,以期达到制定干预对策、促进超重和肥胖少年参加锻炼的目的。研究结果表明,均衡决策和强化管理是影响超重和肥胖少年从前预期阶段转向预期阶段的心理因素,均衡决策、意识提高、互助关系是影响预期转向准备阶段的心理因素,自我效能、环境再评价、社会解放、互助关系是影响准备转向行动阶段的心理因素,自我再评价、自我释放、刺激控制、反条件化是影响行动转向维持阶段的心理因素。建议向前预期阶段的超重和肥胖少年阐述锻炼产生的身心效益,建立参与锻炼奖励制度;为预期阶段的超重和肥胖少年提供多元的实质性帮助和精神性支持;充分肯定准备阶段的超重和肥胖少年继续锻炼的自信心;引导行动阶段的超重和肥胖少年正向肯定和积极评价自己的锻炼行为,提醒维持阶段的超重和肥胖少年切勿中断锻炼,谨防锻炼阶段下滑。
超重和肥胖危害少年學生的身心健康,基于階段變化理論,探究影響超重和肥胖少年鍛煉階段轉變的心理因素,以期達到製定榦預對策、促進超重和肥胖少年參加鍛煉的目的。研究結果錶明,均衡決策和彊化管理是影響超重和肥胖少年從前預期階段轉嚮預期階段的心理因素,均衡決策、意識提高、互助關繫是影響預期轉嚮準備階段的心理因素,自我效能、環境再評價、社會解放、互助關繫是影響準備轉嚮行動階段的心理因素,自我再評價、自我釋放、刺激控製、反條件化是影響行動轉嚮維持階段的心理因素。建議嚮前預期階段的超重和肥胖少年闡述鍛煉產生的身心效益,建立參與鍛煉獎勵製度;為預期階段的超重和肥胖少年提供多元的實質性幫助和精神性支持;充分肯定準備階段的超重和肥胖少年繼續鍛煉的自信心;引導行動階段的超重和肥胖少年正嚮肯定和積極評價自己的鍛煉行為,提醒維持階段的超重和肥胖少年切勿中斷鍛煉,謹防鍛煉階段下滑。
초중화비반위해소년학생적신심건강,기우계단변화이론,탐구영향초중화비반소년단련계단전변적심리인소,이기체도제정간예대책、촉진초중화비반소년삼가단련적목적。연구결과표명,균형결책화강화관리시영향초중화비반소년종전예기계단전향예기계단적심리인소,균형결책、의식제고、호조관계시영향예기전향준비계단적심리인소,자아효능、배경재평개、사회해방、호조관계시영향준비전향행동계단적심리인소,자아재평개、자아석방、자격공제、반조건화시영향행동전향유지계단적심리인소。건의향전예기계단적초중화비반소년천술단련산생적신심효익,건립삼여단련장려제도;위예기계단적초중화비반소년제공다원적실질성방조화정신성지지;충분긍정준비계단적초중화비반소년계속단련적자신심;인도행동계단적초중화비반소년정향긍정화적겁평개자기적단련행위,제성유지계단적초중화비반소년절물중단단련,근방단련계단하활。
Overweight and obesity have negative effects on physical and psychological health. In this paper, researches were made into psychological factors influencing exercise stage transition of overweight and obesity childhood based on stage change theory in order to design intervention programs and promote them to exercise. Results of this study indicated that balanced decision and reinforcement management influenced greatly the change from pre-contemplation stage to the contemplation stage for overweight and ohesity childhood. Balanced decision, consciousness raising and helping relation- ship influenced the change from contemplation stage to preparation stage. Self-efficacy, environmental reevaluation, social liberation and helping relationship influenced the change from preparation stage to action stage. Self-reevaluation, self-lib- eration, stimulus control and counter-conditioning influenced the change from action stage to maintenance stage. It sug- gested that interpret physical and psychological benefits o{ exercise and supply rewards to childhood in pre-contemplation stage should be encouraged. Multiple supports for childhood in contemplation stage, affirmation for their confidence in preparation stage, guidance in action stage to evaluate exercise participation, and reinforcement in maintenance stage were important.