CAJ | 학술논문

利用国家统计局＂中国规模以上制造企业年度调查＂数据库,文章考察了人民币汇率变化对企业雇佣行为（包括雇佣人数和工资）的影响。从总体来看,人民币升值对企业雇佣人数有负向影响,即企业雇佣人数下降。和资本密集型企业相比,劳动密集型企业的雇佣人数受到汇率变化的负向影响更加明显,和民营企业相比,国有企业的雇佣人数受到汇率变化的负向影响最小,而外资企业等的雇佣人数受到的负向影响最大。和非出口企业相比,出口企业的雇佣人数受到汇率变化的负向影响更大。考虑企业的进口成本,企业使用的进口投入品的比例越高,企业的雇佣人数受到人民币升值的负向影响也越大。汇率变化对企业员工工资的影响在各类企业之间没有明显差别。
이용국가통계국＂중국규모이상제조기업년도조사＂수거고,문장고찰료인민폐회솔변화대기업고용행위（포괄고용인수화공자）적영향。종총체래간,인민폐승치대기업고용인수유부향영향,즉기업고용인수하강。화자본밀집형기업상비,노동밀집형기업적고용인수수도회솔변화적부향영향경가명현,화민영기업상비,국유기업적고용인수수도회솔변화적부향영향최소,이외자기업등적고용인수수도적부향영향최대。화비출구기업상비,출구기업적고용인수수도회솔변화적부향영향경대。고필기업적진구성본,기업사용적진구투입품적비례월고,기업적고용인수수도인민폐승치적부향영향야월대。회솔변화대기업원공공자적영향재각류기업지간몰유명현차별。
Using the National Bureau of Statistics of China Above-scale Manufacturing Enterprises Annual Survey Database, this paper examines the impact of RMB exchange rate changes on enterprise employment （including the number of persons employed and wages）. For all samples, RMB appreciation has negative impact on enterprises employment. The appreciation of the RMB reduced the growth rate of enterprise employment. Compared with capital intensive enterprises, RMB appreciation has more negative effect on employment of labor-intensive enterprises; compared with Private-owned enterprises, RMB appreciation has the smallest negative effect on State-owned enterprise employment and has the largest negative effect on Foreign--owned enterprises employment; compared with non-export enterprises, RMB appreciation has more negative effect on export enterprises employment. Considering the import cost of enterprises, the higher the proportion of imported inputs, the more negative effect of RMB appreciation has on enterprises employment. The influence of exchange rate changes on enterprise employee wages has no significant difference among all kinds of enterprises.