CAJ | 학술논문

我国快速城镇化过程中,失地农民的就业是其市民化的关键。对天津4个＂宅基地换房＂试点镇的调研表明,＂换房农民＂换房后虽然平均收入有所增加,但支出的增长更快,净收入有减少的趋势;而其就业状况也不容乐观,2012年有50.67%的劳动力没有工作,有36.44%的家庭依靠政府补贴生活。对政府行为与＂换房农民＂就业的博弈分析表明,一次性货币补偿过多或提供的失业保障过多,都会降低＂换房农民＂的就业意愿,而政府提供有效的就业服务则可促进＂换房农民＂的就业。因此,政府应完善征地补偿制度,构建失地农民多渠道安置体系;完善社会保障制度,实施适度的失业保障;提供有效的就业服务,提高失地农民实现就业的概率,并降低其找工作的成本。
아국쾌속성진화과정중,실지농민적취업시기시민화적관건。대천진4개＂택기지환방＂시점진적조연표명,＂환방농민＂환방후수연평균수입유소증가,단지출적증장경쾌,정수입유감소적추세;이기취업상황야불용악관,2012년유50.67%적노동력몰유공작,유36.44%적가정의고정부보첩생활。대정부행위여＂환방농민＂취업적박혁분석표명,일차성화폐보상과다혹제공적실업보장과다,도회강저＂환방농민＂적취업의원,이정부제공유효적취업복무칙가촉진＂환방농민＂적취업。인차,정부응완선정지보상제도,구건실지농민다거도안치체계;완선사회보장제도,실시괄도적실업보장;제공유효적취업복무,제고실지농민실현취업적개솔,병강저기조공작적성본。
In the process of urbanization,employment is key for land- losing peasants. Results of research on the 4pilots of Homestead-for-Housing in Tianjin show that after Homestead-for-Housing,peasants ＇ income increases rapidly,but expense increases more rapidly,which results in the net income reduction,and the employment is dissatisfying of 50.67% unemployment in 2012 and 36.44% families living on subsidies by government. The analysis on the game between government behavior and employment of land-losing peasants shows that too much monetary compensation and unemployment security harm peasants employment willing,while effective employment service of government can promote employment of Homestead-for-Housing peasants. Therefore,government should improve compensation system,construct settling system for land-losing peasants,improve social security system,provide effective employment service to promote employment and lower job hunting cost.