CAJ | 학술논문

在WTO体系中存在专门适用中国之规则，主要表现为中国《加入议定书》和《工作组报告书》，在这其中又包含不少“超WTO条款（WTO—plusprovisions）”，是中国承担“超WTO义务”的文本体现。新近“稀土案”再次将“超WTO条款”与《WTO协定》，尤其是与GATT例外规则的关系问题置于关注视野。立法上的不足导致目前司法裁判者对“超WTO条款”的适用采取区分对待，争端各方对此则各抒己见。“稀土案”的裁决表明即便裁判者内部对同一“超WTO条款”的适用也存在分歧，并出现“单独裁判意见”。对此适用争议．短期内试图通过顶层的立法澄清恐难实现，为此可考虑通过WTO决策机构“专有解释”的第三条路径．弥合对该问题的分歧。与此同时，“稀土案”及其法律适用，将为中国参与全球规则谈判和国内治理带来诸多启示。
재WTO체계중존재전문괄용중국지규칙，주요표현위중국《가입의정서》화《공작조보고서》，재저기중우포함불소“초WTO조관（WTO—plusprovisions）”，시중국승담“초WTO의무”적문본체현。신근“희토안”재차장“초WTO조관”여《WTO협정》，우기시여GATT예외규칙적관계문제치우관주시야。입법상적불족도치목전사법재판자대“초WTO조관”적괄용채취구분대대，쟁단각방대차칙각서기견。“희토안”적재결표명즉편재판자내부대동일“초WTO조관”적괄용야존재분기，병출현“단독재판의견”。대차괄용쟁의．단기내시도통과정층적입법징청공난실현，위차가고필통과WTO결책궤구“전유해석”적제삼조로경．미합대해문제적분기。여차동시，“희토안”급기법률괄용，장위중국삼여전구규칙담판화국내치리대래제다계시。
In the WTO system, there are some China-specific rules that can be called ＂ WTO-plus provisions＂, which are the expression of ＂WTO-plus obligation＂ and included in China Accession Protocol and Report of the Working Party. Currently, the China-Rare Earths Case brings the issue of the relationship between the ＂WTO-plus provisions＂ and the WTO Agreement to the public again, especially its relationship with the Article XX of GATT. The judicial judgment faces this issue on a case-by-case basis as the deficiency of legislation currently, and the parties also have their own views on this issue. Specially, the separate opinion is produced on this issue in China-Rare Earths Case. This controversial issue may not be settled by trying to adopt legislative clarification in the short term. Therefore, it has to consider asking the Ministerial Conference and the General Council to use their ＂exclusive interpretation＂ to bridge the understanding gap. Meanwhile, the dispute of China-Rare Earths Case will bring many inspirations for Chinese participation in the global rules negotiation and domestic governance.