CAJ | 학술논문

基于结构决定与相对剥夺的两种视角，本文研究发现了教育程度对收入分配公平感的复杂影响路径。教育程度作为优势性地位获得，对分配公平感存在正向影响。教育程度越高，收入分配公平感越强。但这种正向影响也存在条件性：教育作为个人地位投资，激发相应的回报期待，随着基于教育投入的期待收入与实际收入差距的扩大，这种正向影响会降低，且教育程度越高，降低的幅度越大。这一条件性的发现有利于解释既有研究的矛盾结论，具有重要的社会意涵：当教育投资作为“制度化手段”无法实现地位获得这一“文化目标”时，这种“断裂”可能会g】发“分配不公”的心理失范。
기우결구결정여상대박탈적량충시각，본문연구발현료교육정도대수입분배공평감적복잡영향로경。교육정도작위우세성지위획득，대분배공평감존재정향영향。교육정도월고，수입분배공평감월강。단저충정향영향야존재조건성：교육작위개인지위투자，격발상응적회보기대，수착기우교육투입적기대수입여실제수입차거적확대，저충정향영향회강저，차교육정도월고，강저적폭도월대。저일조건성적발현유리우해석기유연구적모순결론，구유중요적사회의함：당교육투자작위“제도화수단”무법실현지위획득저일“문화목표”시，저충“단렬”가능회g】발“분배불공”적심리실범。
Education returns have increased significantly in the transitional china. However, it differs among people in different districts, industries, institutions, and sectors. Educational investment becomes even less rewarded due to recruitment expansion in higher education, which has unexpectedly resulted in diploma devaluation and unemployment problem for university graduates. Such complex realities arouse series of thought-provoking issues, such as ＂What is the attitude each education investor held towards his or her own education returns？＂ Moreover, ＂ what is the relationship between education and one＇s perception of distributive justice？＂ At present, there are mainly two theories on perception of distributive justice, that is, the structural explanation and the relative deprived theory. The former proposes that people＇s perception of distributive justice is determined by their objective socio- economic status. The higher socio-economic status he/she has, the more sense of distributive justice he/she perceives. However, the latter argues that one＇s subjective comparison with others with the similar life experiences or social status affects his/her perceptions more significantly than his/her objective status. Hence, this study specifically aims to explain how education affects people＇s perception of distributive justice within these two analytic logics. Our empirical results show that both logics make sense, indicating that the effect of education on perception of distributive justice is much more complex than any single theory has claimed. As an indicator of people＇s superior status, educational background correlates positively with their perception of distributive justice. In other words, the one with higher education degree tends to justify his/her income distribution with favorable attitude. However, this trend changes when the social context or condition varies. As human capital investment, education may evoke one＇s expectation on his/her income level~ that is, the more he/she has invested in education, the more he/she expects to obtain. So, the odds ratio of perception of distributive justice declines significantly with the gap between expected income and actual income increasing gradually, which indicates that the higher education one with, the faster the odds ratio of perception of distributive justice falls. This finding contributes to explain some theoretical paradox and reflects the fact that people may encounter psychological anomie if his or her education investment didn＇t pay off. Since climbing upward through education is widely accepted in Chinese society, the finding of this study could also shed light on the situation of people＇s judgment on the legitimacy of interest distribution in market-transition.