经济社会体制比较
經濟社會體製比較
경제사회체제비교
Comparative Economic and Social Systems
2015年
1期
161~170
,共null页
国有企业采购 法律规制 GPA 激励因素
國有企業採購 法律規製 GPA 激勵因素
국유기업채구 법률규제 GPA 격려인소
State -owned Enterprise Procurement ; Law Regulation; GPA; Incentive Factors
我国国有企业作为市场主体没有被列入《政府采购协议》（GPA）的出价清单，但是GPA主要成员国认为它们规模宏大、采购活动体现国家意志，正力图将它们纳入开放范围。文章通过梳理我国国有企业采购法律制度体系，分别从国家法律、部门法规及国有企业采购规制层次进行论证，认为我国政府采购法规缺乏统一性和完整体系，而且采购实践偏重于遵守《招标投标法》及程序化管理，《政府采购法》并没有对它们进行规范管理，同时财政部门作为政府采购主管部门对国有企业的管理也仅限于金融企业管理。国有企业纳入出价实体范围的趋势不可避免，它们将必须遵守GPA规则，相应的国际义务需要通过政府采购范畴内的国内法律来实现，所以国有企业采购必然要被纳入政府采购规制范畴。在此基础上，文章研究了构建统一的国有企业采购规制的内在激励因素，最后，从减少部门利益对国有企业采购制度改革的负面阻力的角度，提出了国有企业采购规制的前进方向。
我國國有企業作為市場主體沒有被列入《政府採購協議》（GPA）的齣價清單，但是GPA主要成員國認為它們規模宏大、採購活動體現國傢意誌，正力圖將它們納入開放範圍。文章通過梳理我國國有企業採購法律製度體繫，分彆從國傢法律、部門法規及國有企業採購規製層次進行論證，認為我國政府採購法規缺乏統一性和完整體繫，而且採購實踐偏重于遵守《招標投標法》及程序化管理，《政府採購法》併沒有對它們進行規範管理，同時財政部門作為政府採購主管部門對國有企業的管理也僅限于金融企業管理。國有企業納入齣價實體範圍的趨勢不可避免，它們將必鬚遵守GPA規則，相應的國際義務需要通過政府採購範疇內的國內法律來實現，所以國有企業採購必然要被納入政府採購規製範疇。在此基礎上，文章研究瞭構建統一的國有企業採購規製的內在激勵因素，最後，從減少部門利益對國有企業採購製度改革的負麵阻力的角度，提齣瞭國有企業採購規製的前進方嚮。
아국국유기업작위시장주체몰유피렬입《정부채구협의》（GPA）적출개청단，단시GPA주요성원국인위타문규모굉대、채구활동체현국가의지，정력도장타문납입개방범위。문장통과소리아국국유기업채구법률제도체계，분별종국가법률、부문법규급국유기업채구규제층차진행론증，인위아국정부채구법규결핍통일성화완정체계，이차채구실천편중우준수《초표투표법》급정서화관리，《정부채구법》병몰유대타문진행규범관리，동시재정부문작위정부채구주관부문대국유기업적관리야부한우금융기업관리。국유기업납입출개실체범위적추세불가피면，타문장필수준수GPA규칙，상응적국제의무수요통과정부채구범주내적국내법률래실현，소이국유기업채구필연요피납입정부채구규제범주。재차기출상，문장연구료구건통일적국유기업채구규제적내재격려인소，최후，종감소부문이익대국유기업채구제도개혁적부면조력적각도，제출료국유기업채구규제적전진방향。
China thinks state -owned enterprises main market actors and should manage them according to the sponsor system of state - owned enterprises, so that they should be eliminated from government procurement market opening. But GPA members regard them as the entities embodying the government＇s intentions and must be included in the opening list. And the members are trying to force China to accept their request through different means. By analyzing China＇s legal system of state - owned enterprise procurement at different levels, this paper demonstrates that the rules of China＇s state - owned enterprise procurement lack a unified and integrated system. In practice, the government procurement regulations almost do not regulate them, except for the Minis- try of Finance which is only in charge of procurement management of state financial institutions. Once joining the GPA, the Chinese SOEs included in the opening list will have to carry out relevant international obligations, which need to be implemented through domestic government procurement laws. In addition, this paper has studied the internal incentive factors of re - building the unified government procurement regulating system of state - owned enterprises, while putting forward the direction of their regulating reform.
