哈尔滨工业大学学报:社会科学版
哈爾濱工業大學學報:社會科學版
합이빈공업대학학보:사회과학판
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)
2015年
1期
109~113
,共null页
权利主体 责任主体 人与自然关系
權利主體 責任主體 人與自然關繫
권리주체 책임주체 인여자연관계
subject of right; subject of responsibility; relation between human and nature
在西方古代社会里,由于受到宗教神权的影响,人处于边缘化的无权地位。为了以人权取代神权,现代社会把人确立为权利主体。随着人成为权利主体,自然就逐渐沦落为人类征服改造的对象,从而导致了严重的自然破坏。为了拯救自然,人们开始将人类的权利扩大到自然身上,试图通过赋予自然以权利来达到保护自然的目的。然而问题在于,自然并非一个权利的主体,自然无法运用和捍卫自身的权利,赋予自然以权利并不能阻止人们对于自然的破坏。因此,为了达到保护自然的目的,实现人与自然和谐相处,人们应该从自身出发,把自己从权利主体变为责任权利,主动地承担起对自然的责任。不过,人类对自然负责,并不意味着人类是自然的主人,人类必须尊重自然的本性,自觉成为自然的守护者。
在西方古代社會裏,由于受到宗教神權的影響,人處于邊緣化的無權地位。為瞭以人權取代神權,現代社會把人確立為權利主體。隨著人成為權利主體,自然就逐漸淪落為人類徵服改造的對象,從而導緻瞭嚴重的自然破壞。為瞭拯救自然,人們開始將人類的權利擴大到自然身上,試圖通過賦予自然以權利來達到保護自然的目的。然而問題在于,自然併非一箇權利的主體,自然無法運用和捍衛自身的權利,賦予自然以權利併不能阻止人們對于自然的破壞。因此,為瞭達到保護自然的目的,實現人與自然和諧相處,人們應該從自身齣髮,把自己從權利主體變為責任權利,主動地承擔起對自然的責任。不過,人類對自然負責,併不意味著人類是自然的主人,人類必鬚尊重自然的本性,自覺成為自然的守護者。
재서방고대사회리,유우수도종교신권적영향,인처우변연화적무권지위。위료이인권취대신권,현대사회파인학립위권리주체。수착인성위권리주체,자연취축점륜락위인류정복개조적대상,종이도치료엄중적자연파배。위료증구자연,인문개시장인류적권리확대도자연신상,시도통과부여자연이권리래체도보호자연적목적。연이문제재우,자연병비일개권리적주체,자연무법운용화한위자신적권리,부여자연이권리병불능조지인문대우자연적파배。인차,위료체도보호자연적목적,실현인여자연화해상처,인문응해종자신출발,파자기종권리주체변위책임권리,주동지승담기대자연적책임。불과,인류대자연부책,병불의미착인류시자연적주인,인류필수존중자연적본성,자각성위자연적수호자。
In andent Western society, influenced by Religious theocracy, human had been placed in mar- ginalized powerless status. In order to replace theocracy by human fights, modern society began to establish human as the subject of right. Human becoming the subject of fight, it means that nature becomes the object of conquering and transformation, so nature has been damaged severely. In order to save nature, human be- gan to extend the human fights to nature, attempting to protect nature in this way. But nature isn't a subject of fight, therefore it can't use and protect its rights by itself. So endowing nature human fights can't stop hu- man being from destructing nature. For the goal of protecting nature and realizing human harmonious coexis- tence with nature, people should transform from the subject of fight to subject of responsibility, taking the responsibility for nature. However, human being responsible for nature does not mean that human is the mas- ter of nature. Instead human should follow the character of nature and become the watchman of nature con- sciously.