CAJ | 학술논문

我国立法将见义勇为行为放在民事责任的框架下加以规范,总体上形成了以＂侵权人承担侵权责任为主、受益人承担补偿责任为辅＂的调整模式,其实质是在见义勇为者、侵权人、受益人三者的微观关系中赋予见义勇为以法律意义。《侵权责任法》第23条创设的侵权人法定侵权责任与受益人的适当补偿制度,均难以实现保障见义勇为者权利之目的。见义勇为行为的价值在于其属社会公共善,应在社会法的层面对其予以规范,应废除《侵权责任法》第23条。见义勇为基金会应调整其现有功能,成为对见义勇为者及时赔偿的平台;见义勇为者亦可选择依过错归责原则向侵权人主张侵权责任。
아국입법장견의용위행위방재민사책임적광가하가이규범,총체상형성료이＂침권인승담침권책임위주、수익인승담보상책임위보＂적조정모식,기실질시재견의용위자、침권인、수익인삼자적미관관계중부여견의용위이법률의의。《침권책임법》제23조창설적침권인법정침권책임여수익인적괄당보상제도,균난이실현보장견의용위자권리지목적。견의용위행위적개치재우기속사회공공선,응재사회법적층면대기여이규범,응폐제《침권책임법》제23조。견의용위기금회응조정기현유공능,성위대견의용위자급시배상적평태;견의용위자역가선택의과착귀책원칙향침권인주장침권책임。
The acts of Good Samaritans are regulated by civil obligations in our country with a general mode that＂the tortfeasor assumes the tort liability primarily while the beneficiary bears compensation obligation complementally＂. This legislative mode actually confers legal meaning to acts of Good Samaritan in the micro- relationships among the Good Samaritan,the tortfeasor and the beneficiary. However,according to Article23 of the Tort law,neither the statutory tort liability assumed by the tortfeasor nor the proper compensatory obligation assumed by the beneficiary can achieve the purpose of safeguarding the rights of the Good Samaritan.The value of acts of Good Samaritan lies in the social public good which should be normalized by social laws and thus Article 23 should be abolished. The foundations for acts of Good Samaritans should exercise the present function,acting as the platform for proper compensation to Good Samaritans and they can also claim against the tortfeasor for tortious liabilities according to the imputation principle of fault liability.