中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2015年
1期
120~126
,共null页
绿色农业产地环境 生态补偿 绩效评价 东西湖区
綠色農業產地環境 生態補償 績效評價 東西湖區
록색농업산지배경 생태보상 적효평개 동서호구
environment in green agricultural producing areas; ecological compensation policies; evaluation of the policy performance ; Dongxihu District
安全的产地环境为绿色农产品生产和绿色农业可持续发展奠定了良好的物质基础，是保证消费者食品安全的源头。农业生态补偿是通过综合利用行政、法律、经济等手段，对造成农业生态环境污染、农业生态破坏的个人和组织的负外部性行为进行收费（税），对恢复、维持和增强农业生态系统服务功能做出贡献的个人和组织的正外部性行为给予经济补偿的一种制度。为了了解区域绿色农业产地环境生态补偿政策的实施效果，本文以武汉市重要的农产品生产和供应基地东西湖区为例，运用屡次分析法与模糊综合分析法，以生态价值、经济价值和社会价值为价值取向，构建了包括职能指标、效益指标、潜力指标3个一级指标。10个二级指标和39个三级指标体系，对东西湖区农监生态补偿政策实施绩效进行评价。评价结果表明，东西湖区在实施绿色农业产地环境生态朴偿政策前后效益变化分值差都在30以上。最低变化值为31．42，最高变化值为59．75。其中，政策目的设计、政策战略趣划、政策反馈指标、经济效益、生态效益、社会效益和行政组织建设等方面的变化值都在50以上，政策实施管理指标、资源利用、农业生态补偿技术的变化值都在30以上。由此可以看出，绿色农业产地环境生态补偿政策发挥了一定的作用，但还有进一步提升空间。为此，要加强绿色农业产地环境生态补偿政策实旎管理，提高绿色农业产地环境生态资本利用效率，提升绿色农业产地环境生态补偿技术水平。
安全的產地環境為綠色農產品生產和綠色農業可持續髮展奠定瞭良好的物質基礎，是保證消費者食品安全的源頭。農業生態補償是通過綜閤利用行政、法律、經濟等手段，對造成農業生態環境汙染、農業生態破壞的箇人和組織的負外部性行為進行收費（稅），對恢複、維持和增彊農業生態繫統服務功能做齣貢獻的箇人和組織的正外部性行為給予經濟補償的一種製度。為瞭瞭解區域綠色農業產地環境生態補償政策的實施效果，本文以武漢市重要的農產品生產和供應基地東西湖區為例，運用屢次分析法與模糊綜閤分析法，以生態價值、經濟價值和社會價值為價值取嚮，構建瞭包括職能指標、效益指標、潛力指標3箇一級指標。10箇二級指標和39箇三級指標體繫，對東西湖區農鑑生態補償政策實施績效進行評價。評價結果錶明，東西湖區在實施綠色農業產地環境生態樸償政策前後效益變化分值差都在30以上。最低變化值為31．42，最高變化值為59．75。其中，政策目的設計、政策戰略趣劃、政策反饋指標、經濟效益、生態效益、社會效益和行政組織建設等方麵的變化值都在50以上，政策實施管理指標、資源利用、農業生態補償技術的變化值都在30以上。由此可以看齣，綠色農業產地環境生態補償政策髮揮瞭一定的作用，但還有進一步提升空間。為此，要加彊綠色農業產地環境生態補償政策實旎管理，提高綠色農業產地環境生態資本利用效率，提升綠色農業產地環境生態補償技術水平。
안전적산지배경위록색농산품생산화록색농업가지속발전전정료량호적물질기출，시보증소비자식품안전적원두。농업생태보상시통과종합이용행정、법률、경제등수단，대조성농업생태배경오염、농업생태파배적개인화조직적부외부성행위진행수비（세），대회복、유지화증강농업생태계통복무공능주출공헌적개인화조직적정외부성행위급여경제보상적일충제도。위료료해구역록색농업산지배경생태보상정책적실시효과，본문이무한시중요적농산품생산화공응기지동서호구위례，운용루차분석법여모호종합분석법，이생태개치、경제개치화사회개치위개치취향，구건료포괄직능지표、효익지표、잠력지표3개일급지표。10개이급지표화39개삼급지표체계，대동서호구농감생태보상정책실시적효진행평개。평개결과표명，동서호구재실시록색농업산지배경생태박상정책전후효익변화분치차도재30이상。최저변화치위31．42，최고변화치위59．75。기중，정책목적설계、정책전략취화、정책반궤지표、경제효익、생태효익、사회효익화행정조직건설등방면적변화치도재50이상，정책실시관리지표、자원이용、농업생태보상기술적변화치도재30이상。유차가이간출，록색농업산지배경생태보상정책발휘료일정적작용，단환유진일보제승공간。위차，요가강록색농업산지배경생태보상정책실니관리，제고록색농업산지배경생태자본이용효솔，제승록색농업산지배경생태보상기술수평。
The security environment of the place of origin laid a good foundation for the green production and green agricultural sustainable development, and it is the source to ensure the consumer＇s food safety. Agricultural ecological compensation is a system which charges for the negative externality behaviors of individuals and organizations which pollute agricultural ecological environment and agricultural ecology, and give economic compensation to those positive externalities behaviors of individuals and organizations which contribute to restoring, maintaining and strengthening the service function of agricultural ecosystem by using administrative, legal, economic means and other means comprehensively. To have a better understanding of these policies in green agriculture producing area, a case contains the big agricultural production and supply base in Dongxihu District is selected to evaluate the performance of these policies. With ecological value, economic value and social value as the value orientation, this paper applies AHP and fuzzy comprehensive analysis methods to build an evaluation system of the performances which contains three standards of function index, efficiency index and potential index on level 1, 10 standards on level 2 and 39 indexes on level 3. The conclusion is that the evaluation score of the performances raises almost 30 ranging from the minimum 31.24 to the maximum 59.75 with the adopting of the policies in the research area. Among them, the change of policy goal design, strategic planning, policy feedback index, economic effectiveness, ecological effectiveness, social effectiveness and the construction of administrative organization value is above 50 ; the change of policy management index, resource utilization, agricultural ecological compensation technology values is more than 30. Therefore, the ecological compensation policies do work effectively and an improving promotion is further needed. Relevant departments ought to strengthen the implementation management of environmental ecological compensation policy, improve the ecological capital using efficiency and enhance the level of ecological compensation of agricultural technology in green agricuhural areas.
