CAJ | 학술논문

生活中除了各种个体行动以外,还存在着大量的集体行动,并不能还原为个体行动的加和。如何解释集体行动呢？约翰·塞尔的分析是比较独到而清晰的：通过对个体行动的意向因果性分析,说明意向就是行动的原因;集体拥有集体意向,因而能够实行集体行动;集体意向的不可还原性和实在性保证了集体的实在性。笔者赞成塞尔的主要观点,但不赞成他关于＂在先意向＂和＂行动中意向＂的区分,指出意向与行动之间的因果关系决定了所有的意向都是在先的,只是程度有所不同。＂行动中意向＂这一概念将对集体意向和集体行动的整体性和不可还原性起到破坏作用。
생활중제료각충개체행동이외,환존재착대량적집체행동,병불능환원위개체행동적가화。여하해석집체행동니？약한·새이적분석시비교독도이청석적：통과대개체행동적의향인과성분석,설명의향취시행동적원인;집체옹유집체의향,인이능구실행집체행동;집체의향적불가환원성화실재성보증료집체적실재성。필자찬성새이적주요관점,단불찬성타관우＂재선의향＂화＂행동중의향＂적구분,지출의향여행동지간적인과관계결정료소유적의향도시재선적,지시정도유소불동。＂행동중의향＂저일개념장대집체의향화집체행동적정체성화불가환원성기도파배작용。
Beyond various individual actions there are some kinds of actions which can＇t be reduced to the accumulation of individual actions. How do we explain these collective actions？ John. R. Searle had given a distinct analysis. As the intentional causation in individual action,the collective intention can lead to collective action. The irreducibility and reality of the collective intention guarantee the reality of the collectivity. We agree with Searle＇s main viewpoints,but don＇t agree with his differentiation between the apriori integrity and the- intention- in- action.The causal relation between intention and action makes all the intentions prior to actions. The term the- intention-in- action will destroy the integrity and irreducibility of the collective intention and action.