CAJ | 학술논문

为考察当前中国家庭养老的可行性和困难群体分布特征，文章从老年人家庭整体出发考察养老能力，从老年人的养老负担和老年家庭整体的承载力相对应的角度出发，采用综合评价的方法，在经济、人力、潜在三个方面分别设置相关指标，并汇总形成分指数和总指数，尝试通过不同群体指数或分指数得分的对比，识别出依靠家庭养老相对困难的群体。研究应用CLHLS调查数据，使用单因素和多因素分析方法研究了养老负担和家庭承载力分布的群体特征。研究结果显示，高龄、女性、东中部的老年人成为家庭养老能力相对于负担最为不足的群体，养老弱势群体表现出养老能力在各方面均相对不足、积贫积弱和随老化负担变重且家庭承载力弱化从而困难程度进一步加深的特点。
위고찰당전중국가정양로적가행성화곤난군체분포특정，문장종노년인가정정체출발고찰양로능력，종노년인적양로부담화노년가정정체적승재력상대응적각도출발，채용종합평개적방법，재경제、인력、잠재삼개방면분별설치상관지표，병회총형성분지수화총지수，상시통과불동군체지수혹분지수득분적대비，식별출의고가정양로상대곤난적군체。연구응용CLHLS조사수거，사용단인소화다인소분석방법연구료양로부담화가정승재력분포적군체특정。연구결과현시，고령、녀성、동중부적노년인성위가정양로능력상대우부담최위불족적군체，양로약세군체표현출양로능력재각방면균상대불족、적빈적약화수노화부담변중차가정승재력약화종이곤난정도진일보가심적특점。
To explore the feasibility and sub-group characteristics of current family support for elderly in China,this study utilizes synthesis evaluation from perspectives of both burden of elder care and capacify of family support. We design three sets of index from economic, human-resource and potential dimensions,and an integrated summary index, to identify the most vulnerable sub-groups. Data from CLHLS are used to develop and analyze the sets of index. Results suggest that the largest gap in family capacity relative to burden of elder care exists in the oldest old, the female old, and the old living in the east or middle area. These vulnerable groups in old-age support do have much lower family capacify with higher burden of care in all the economic, human resource and potential dimensions, and their inferiority can also be traced from past life experiences,which is getting worse as they are ageing.