周易研究
週易研究
주역연구
Studies of Zhouyi
2015年
1期
72~76
,共null页
古文字 马王堆帛书 《式法》
古文字 馬王堆帛書 《式法》
고문자 마왕퇴백서 《식법》
ancient characters; Mawangdui silk manuscript; Shifa
马王堆帛书《式法》中夹杂着大量楚文字成分,考释难度较大,文字释读一直是研究的重点之一。《式法》中的“晦”、“民”二字,研究者误释作“[黑臼]”和“耳”,遂致二字所在前后帛文无法读通。根据《式法》抄本杂糅秦楚文字的书写特点,通过对比战国楚简和秦至汉初简帛文字中的相关字形发现,“[黑臼]”、“耳”二字实当改释作“晦”和“民”。二字所在帛文“晦不可以北徙”、“民痺病嚣死”可以分别在同批帛书《阴阳五行乙篇》和孔家坡汉简《日书》中找到相似的记载。
馬王堆帛書《式法》中夾雜著大量楚文字成分,攷釋難度較大,文字釋讀一直是研究的重點之一。《式法》中的“晦”、“民”二字,研究者誤釋作“[黑臼]”和“耳”,遂緻二字所在前後帛文無法讀通。根據《式法》抄本雜糅秦楚文字的書寫特點,通過對比戰國楚簡和秦至漢初簡帛文字中的相關字形髮現,“[黑臼]”、“耳”二字實噹改釋作“晦”和“民”。二字所在帛文“晦不可以北徙”、“民痺病囂死”可以分彆在同批帛書《陰暘五行乙篇》和孔傢坡漢簡《日書》中找到相似的記載。
마왕퇴백서《식법》중협잡착대량초문자성분,고석난도교대,문자석독일직시연구적중점지일。《식법》중적“회”、“민”이자,연구자오석작“[흑구]”화“이”,수치이자소재전후백문무법독통。근거《식법》초본잡유진초문자적서사특점,통과대비전국초간화진지한초간백문자중적상관자형발현,“[흑구]”、“이”이자실당개석작“회”화“민”。이자소재백문“회불가이북사”、“민비병효사”가이분별재동비백서《음양오행을편》화공가파한간《일서》중조도상사적기재。
The Mawangdui silk manuscript of Shifa 式法 was mixed with a large number of characters from Chu, which brought difficulties in the decoding of the characters. The decoding of characters always plays an important role in this kind of research. The two characters of "晦" (hui) and "民" (min) had been mistaken for "[黑臼]" and "耳" (er) before, which led to difficulty in thoroughly understanding the sentences containing these characters. Based on the feature of the Shifa manuscript of mixing Qin and Chu characters, and through comparing these two characters with the related characters on the bamboo slips unearthed from Chu from the Warring State period (475-221 BCE) to the early Han (206 BCE-9 CE), it can be seen that the two characters of "[黑臼]" and "耳" should be read as "晦" (hui) and "民" (min), as they can also be found in the related Mawangdui silk manuscript and the Day Book on Han bamboo slips from Kongjiapo.