CAJ | 학술논문

分析梳理正义战争学说从古代希腊罗马世界到早期现代世界的发展简史可以发现，决定该学说从成形到成熟有两个关键历史时期，即古代晚期的基督教崛起和早期现代基督教国家的海外扩张。正义战争学说从古代晚期开始脱离希腊罗马“异教”精神的支配，而逐渐变成一个纯粹的基督教神学一政治学说，继而出现了对“战争理由”的道德一政治追究、对“敌人”的罪人化、对战争作为“惩罚”行动的确认，以及最终指向的战争的司法化与作为正义战争担纲者的基督教帝国。
분석소리정의전쟁학설종고대희석라마세계도조기현대세계적발전간사가이발현，결정해학설종성형도성숙유량개관건역사시기，즉고대만기적기독교굴기화조기현대기독교국가적해외확장。정의전쟁학설종고대만기개시탈리희석라마“이교”정신적지배，이축점변성일개순수적기독교신학일정치학설，계이출현료대“전쟁이유”적도덕일정치추구、대“활인”적죄인화、대전쟁작위“징벌”행동적학인，이급최종지향적전쟁적사법화여작위정의전쟁담강자적기독교제국。
This paper is intended to provide a brief outline of the doctrine of just war, which extends from Graeco-Roman antiquity down to early modern world. Considerable interpretative efforts are given to two key historical periods, i.e., the late antiquity （rise of Christianity） and the early modern （overseas expansion of Christian republics）. Against this backdrop, this paper points out that the doctrine of just war started to free itself from the Graeco-Roman influence, and became a pure theologico-political doctrine of Christianity. As a result, novel practices, replacing the ancient usages, have appeared, such as the moral-political examination of the cause of war, the demonization of enemy, the unanimous agreement of war as an legal action of punishment. These, taken altogether, lead to judicialization of war as well as a Christian empire as its executor.