CAJ | 학술논문

为了弄清北京大都市区的发展格局与趋势.运用空间自相关分析、空间基尼系数、人口一空间基尼系数对大北京都市圈的人口空间格局、就业空间格局等进行分析。研究结果表明：外来人口和常住人口分布的Moran1分别为o.25和0.31.P值小于0.001.二者均呈显著的空间自相关;北京市的常住人口仍然呈显著的单中心聚集形态.外围中心并未形成强势的人口聚集热点.距离中心约40-60km处的西北、东北和西南方向上形成了三个冷点区域;外来人口热点集中在以月坛街道为中心、大约40km为半径的圆形区域.该区域基本覆盖了东城区、西城区、朝阳区的行政面积.海淀区、丰台区的东半部分.以及昌平区、顺义区、通州区、大兴区的靠近城市中心部分.冷点区域则更靠近边缘。对大北京的背景区域—京津冀都市圈的多中心性分析表明.该区域首位特征突出.多中心性不明显：该区域33.6%和35%的城镇人口与非农就业集中在北京.专业技术人员有60%聚集于北京和天津;专业技术人员中文学艺术工作人员和新闻、出版、文化艺术工作人员的空间基尼系数最大.分别有79%和73%的人员聚集在北京.空间基尼系数达到0.36和0.29;科学研究人员的聚集也比较显著.空间基尼系数达到0. 18.有60%以上汇聚北京;2000年以来整个区域的人口基尼系数逐年递增。因此.京津冀区域的发展应从三个层次着手：在北京行政区内培育新城热点.促进城市的多中心化发展;在京津冀重要交通廊道上推进轴线空间建设.保持集聚经济优势;在区域空间中促进新城镇建设.协调发展区域经济网络。
위료롱청북경대도시구적발전격국여추세.운용공간자상관분석、공간기니계수、인구일공간기니계수대대북경도시권적인구공간격국、취업공간격국등진행분석。연구결과표명：외래인구화상주인구분포적Moran1분별위o.25화0.31.P치소우0.001.이자균정현저적공간자상관;북경시적상주인구잉연정현저적단중심취집형태.외위중심병미형성강세적인구취집열점.거리중심약40-60km처적서북、동북화서남방향상형성료삼개랭점구역;외래인구열점집중재이월단가도위중심、대약40km위반경적원형구역.해구역기본복개료동성구、서성구、조양구적행정면적.해정구、봉태구적동반부분.이급창평구、순의구、통주구、대흥구적고근성시중심부분.랭점구역칙경고근변연。대대북경적배경구역—경진기도시권적다중심성분석표명.해구역수위특정돌출.다중심성불명현：해구역33.6%화35%적성진인구여비농취업집중재북경.전업기술인원유60%취집우북경화천진;전업기술인원중문학예술공작인원화신문、출판、문화예술공작인원적공간기니계수최대.분별유79%화73%적인원취집재북경.공간기니계수체도0.36화0.29;과학연구인원적취집야비교현저.공간기니계수체도0. 18.유60%이상회취북경;2000년이래정개구역적인구기니계수축년체증。인차.경진기구역적발전응종삼개층차착수：재북경행정구내배육신성열점.촉진성시적다중심화발전;재경진기중요교통랑도상추진축선공간건설.보지집취경제우세;재구역공간중촉진신성진건설.협조발전구역경제망락。
In order to have a clear knowledge on the structure and development trend of Beijing metropolitan area, this article analyzes tile spatial pattern of large Beijing metropolitan area＇s population and employment by the methods of spatial autocorrelation analysis, spatial gini coefficient, and population-space Gini coefficient. The results shows as follows：①the Moran I of the migrants population and the permanent resident population is respectively 0.25 and 0.31, and the P-value is less than 0.001, which means both of them have a obvious spatial autocorrelation; ②the permanent resident population of Beijing still tend to gather in a single center by which the peripheral centers have not yet formed a new population zone, so in the northwest, northeast and southwest far from the city center about 40km - 60km formed three kinds of cold region; ③The concentrating zone of the migrants population is in a circular region about 40km radius from Yuetan street center, which covers Dongcheng District, Xieheng District, Chaoyang District, eastern part of Haidian and Fengtai District, Changping District, Shunyi District, Tongzhou District, and Daxing District＇s near center part , so the cold gathering point area is closer to the edge ; ④the significant characteristics of Great Beijing Region is first-type features, rather than the multi-center,with a large number of professionals gathering in the Capital and the population Gini coefficient of the entire region increasing year by year since 2000. The concrete data shows that about 33. 6% of urban population, 35% of non-agricultural employment and 60% of scientific researchers who reached 0.18 population-space Gini coefficient concentrate in the Beijing, but about 60% of professional and technical personnels live in Beijing and Tianjin in which the maximum population-space Gini coefficient is the writers and the press, the publishers as well as the artists, which respectively reach 0.36 and 0. 29 with the proportion of 79% and 73%. So, the developing policy about Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration should put emphasize on three aspects which include to cultivate new city population zone in Beijing by pushing muhieenter development, to promote the region axis construction in Beijing- Tianjin-Hebei transportation corridor just to keep the agglomeration economy advantage, and to promote new town construction and to coordinate the development of regional economic networks.