CAJ | 학술논문

当代中国媒体的报道屡遭质疑,究其原因是当下的社会环境中不同利益主体和不同新闻理念存在剧烈的冲突,新闻报道环境与事件本身的复杂性非常突出,新闻报道的标准及人们对报道的评价缺乏共识。基于这样的情况,我们可以重新考虑忠诚伦理的价值。新闻报道的忠诚伦理有三个原则：忠诚到底,寻找主导忠诚和确认具体忠诚对象。然而,在对＂南平杀童案＂报道的伦理分析中上述三个原则还不够,人们会在最终忠诚于谁及忠诚于什么的问题上产生巨大争议。上述原则可能难以处理对凶手的宽恕问题,也无法处理未来可能受害者的利益问题。原因在于,忠诚不仅在于具体对象,更要忠诚于特定的道德信念,而忠诚于公正具有最高的社会价值。忠诚于公正是忠诚伦理的第四条也是决定性原则。基于公正的社会正义感为记者的忠诚和职业行为确定了方向,也将促使新闻媒体承担更多责任,在更加多元的信息环境中证明自己的价值。
당대중국매체적보도루조질의,구기원인시당하적사회배경중불동이익주체화불동신문이념존재극렬적충돌,신문보도배경여사건본신적복잡성비상돌출,신문보도적표준급인문대보도적평개결핍공식。기우저양적정황,아문가이중신고필충성윤리적개치。신문보도적충성윤리유삼개원칙：충성도저,심조주도충성화학인구체충성대상。연이,재대＂남평살동안＂보도적윤리분석중상술삼개원칙환불구,인문회재최종충성우수급충성우십요적문제상산생거대쟁의。상술원칙가능난이처리대흉수적관서문제,야무법처리미래가능수해자적이익문제。원인재우,충성불부재우구체대상,경요충성우특정적도덕신념,이충성우공정구유최고적사회개치。충성우공정시충성윤리적제사조야시결정성원칙。기우공정적사회정의감위기자적충성화직업행위학정료방향,야장촉사신문매체승담경다책임,재경가다원적신식배경중증명자기적개치。
Chinese news reports have led to a lot of criticism and controversy.The main causes include the contradiction between different interests,the various conflicts between moral values,and the complexity of social environment and news events,etc.People began to question the old system of moral belief.The old professional norms have lost control of the press.But the new press ethics system is far from established.These conditions,of course,lead to double chaos of news reports and social evaluation of the news media.Therefore,it is necessary to explore a reasonable media ethics system that can fit the reality and win public recognition.Such studies must be built on ethical analysis of realistic events,must also consider the realistic problems and universality of theory.″The case of killing children in Nanping″is a perfect case.Based on the reports of the case,people raise some fundamental questions：Why are regular news reports severely criticized by people？If notreported,the media have lost the value of existence!If reported,it may endanger people＇s lives for″following-suit″effect.Then are the media loyal to their career missions or people＇s lives？Can we find some authentic ethical principles for people to rely on？Through the preliminary analysis,we believe that there is some loyalty chaos in the reports and the criticism of″the case in Nanping.″Therefore,according to the Chinese news reports tradition and the needs of social solidarity,we can consider the reconstruction of Loyalty Ethics.First of all,confirm the primary ethical value of loyalty.Second,choose the current primary loyalty principle.Third,confirm the specific objects of loyalty and rank them.But further analysis shows that the above three principles are not sufficient,We also need to think about how to ensure the correctness of loyalty.Therefore,we can put forward the last and most important principle：Loyalty to Justice.It is the soul of Loyal Ethics,which brings the direction and openness for loyalty.What is justice？Rawls＇s″Two Justice Principles″provide the important inspiration and basis.Therefore,we argue that the public loyalty is the highest form of loyalty in the news reports,and the basic connotation of public loyalty is the loyalty to justice.Such loyalty principle provide the adequate moral guidance for″the case in Nanping″and the current news reports.Therefore,the reports with too much emotion and repetition are deviation to the dominant loyalty of media.News should be carefully reported on the basis of justice and realistic conditions so as to reduce the″following-suit″effect to the minimum.Loyalty to Justice can also facilitate the better treatment to the justice of the minority group,such as the murderer and direct victim.The realistic news environment is diverse.Therefore,the choice under it becomes difficult.But only on the basis of social justice can the reporter＇s loyalty and professional conduct be kept in the right direction.And the pursuit of justice is also the main responsibility and value of the news media during the period of social transformation.