CAJ | 학술논문

根据德勒兹和瓜塔里的论述，少数文学是集体政治的重要表达。在当下这一全球化时代，由于人生的偶然或故国的凋敝，流散成为越来越多人切实的生活体验，而德勒兹和瓜塔里意义上的少数文学也自然成为21世纪的重要文学现象。作为一部重要的少数文学作品，谭恩美的《喜福会》讲述了四位移居异国他乡的华人母亲及各自女儿的故事。通过对个体人生遭遇的叙述，该文本描述了四对母女在身份建构上的彷徨、努力和抉择。由于不同缘由抛却故土来到美国，空间上的转移让母亲们得以逃脱故国的不堪。虽都无法完全挣脱过去记忆的梦魇，但母亲们都寄希望女儿们能成功融入美国社会，完成从丑小鸭到白天鹅的蜕变。作为在美国出生的新一代，四位女儿则分别讲述了各自成长过程中的挫折。虽存在价值观上的差异和沟通上的障碍，但在人生抉择的路1：2，母亲苦难的过去最终都演变为智慧的启迪和行动的力量，帮助女儿们超越自身和确立主体性，从而奏响人生的“天鹅”之歌。以少数文学的政治为视角，本文将母女的故事分别解读为德勒兹和瓜塔里意义上的“逃逸”和共同体的重新辖域化，由此论述文本中杂糅性主体身份的欺骗性及其与美国当下文化策略的关联。
근거덕륵자화과탑리적논술，소수문학시집체정치적중요표체。재당하저일전구화시대，유우인생적우연혹고국적조폐，류산성위월래월다인절실적생활체험，이덕륵자화과탑리의의상적소수문학야자연성위21세기적중요문학현상。작위일부중요적소수문학작품，담은미적《희복회》강술료사위이거이국타향적화인모친급각자녀인적고사。통과대개체인생조우적서술，해문본묘술료사대모녀재신빈건구상적방황、노력화결택。유우불동연유포각고토래도미국，공간상적전이양모친문득이도탈고국적불감。수도무법완전쟁탈과거기억적몽염，단모친문도기희망녀인문능성공융입미국사회，완성종축소압도백천아적세변。작위재미국출생적신일대，사위녀인칙분별강술료각자성장과정중적좌절。수존재개치관상적차이화구통상적장애，단재인생결택적로1：2，모친고난적과거최종도연변위지혜적계적화행동적역량，방조녀인문초월자신화학립주체성，종이주향인생적“천아”지가。이소수문학적정치위시각，본문장모녀적고사분별해독위덕륵자화과탑리의의상적“도일”화공동체적중신할역화，유차논술문본중잡유성주체신빈적기편성급기여미국당하문화책략적관련。
According to Deleuze and Guattari, minor literature is one of the most fundamental expressions of collective politics. In this global age, minor literature is playing a more and more important role in world literature due to the fact that an increasing number of people flee and become exiles because of adversities in life or chaos in their homeland. As a representative work of minor literature, Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan traces the difficult process of assimilation of four mothers and daughters into the host culture. After suffering in their home country, the mothers are able to get away from the chaos in their home country through spatial dislocation. Though haunted by the nightmarish memory of their past, the mothers nevertheless hope that their daughters can become.overachievers by assimilating themselves into the new culture successfully. As second genera- tion immigrants, the four daughters encounter various difficulties in the process of their growth. Despite communication prob- lems between mothers and daughters, the daughters finally get over their life problems and gain their own agency in America with the help of their mothers who reaped wisdom from their own sufferings back in China. Based on Deleuze and Guattari＇ s understanding of minor literature, this paper tries to probe into the political significance of this text by interpreting these stories as allegories of flight and deterritorialization in Deleuze＇ s sense.