CAJ | 학술논문

通过对大规模农场和家庭农场的土地流转的比较研究,本文探讨家庭农场的土地流转优势及其面临的困境。土地流转是农地规模经营的关键一环,外来大规模经营主体在土地流转中,由于其外在于村庄的特性,以及与农民之间的内在冲突性,会产生昂贵的交易成本和社会成本,并增加其经营风险。家庭农场通过动员嵌入于村庄的关系网络,以及源于这种网络的信任,能以较低的交易成本和社会成本实现土地流转,从而保证经营规模以及经营的稳定性。同时,基于村庄规范和道义性共识形成的地租定价方式,为家庭农场的规模经营提供了无租或低地租的经营优势。但在政府支持下的外来大规模农场经营对家庭农场会产生空间性挤压和社会性挤压。促进农地规模经营,地方政府需要保护和促进家庭农场的土地流转与经营。
통과대대규모농장화가정농장적토지류전적비교연구,본문탐토가정농장적토지류전우세급기면림적곤경。토지류전시농지규모경영적관건일배,외래대규모경영주체재토지류전중,유우기외재우촌장적특성,이급여농민지간적내재충돌성,회산생앙귀적교역성본화사회성본,병증가기경영풍험。가정농장통과동원감입우촌장적관계망락,이급원우저충망락적신임,능이교저적교역성본화사회성본실현토지류전,종이보증경영규모이급경영적은정성。동시,기우촌장규범화도의성공식형성적지조정개방식,위가정농장적규모경영제공료무조혹저지조적경영우세。단재정부지지하적외래대규모농장경영대가정농장회산생공간성제압화사회성제압。촉진농지규모경영,지방정부수요보호화촉진가정농장적토지류전여경영。
Through comparative study of land circulation of large - scale farms and family farms, the pa- per explores the advantage and predicament the family farm land transfer faces. Land transfer is a key element of agricultural land scale operation. External large - scale business entities in the land transfer will have high transaction costs and social costs and increase its business risks due to their characteristics external to the villa- ges and inherent conflict with the farmers. However, family farms are able to achieve the land transfer with lower transaction costs and social costs, thus ensure the stability of the operation scale and management by mo- bilizing networks embedded into villages and the trust of such networks. Meanwhile, the rent pricing based on the village norms and the consensus of moral formation provides rent - free or low - rent business advantage for scale family farms. But external large - scale farming with the support of government will produce spatial and social extrusion on the family farm. Local governments need to protect and promote the family farm land trans- fer and management to promote scale agricultural land operation.